Acromegaly is a chronic progressive endocrine disease. Besides GHA secreting growth hormone (GH) can promote the proliferation of osteoblasts, other mechanisms of GHA cells promoting osteoblast proliferation are still unclear. Our previous studies have found that GHA cells secrete a large amount of exosomes that are packed with miRNAs,and the proliferation ability of osteoblasts from the source of GHA cells is significantly enhanced. Studies have shown that the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway is a key pathway regulating the proliferation of osteoblasts, and PTEN is the key molecule that inhibits the activation of this pathway. On this basis, we propose a scientific hypothesis: GHA cells can secrete exosomes outside causing some imported over expression of miRNAs in osteoblast,these miRNAs targeting PTEN and then lifted the inhibition of PTEN to PI3K/AKT pathway,eventually promote osteoblast proliferation because of the activation of PI3K/AKT pathway. We intend to use the deep sequencing technology of miRNAs and combine the experimental methods of cell biology and molecular biology to study the exosomes originate from GHA cells.Clarify the influence of exosomes on osteoblast cell biology behavior and the molecular mechanisms of osteoblast proliferation. The study will reveal new ways that GHA promotes the proliferation of osteoblasts and provide a new theoretical basis for prognosis assessment and treatment of patients with acromegaly.
肢端肥大症是一种起病隐匿的慢性进展性内分泌疾病。除生长激素过度分泌外,肢端肥大症患者骨质异常代谢的其他机制尚不明确。我们前期研究发现,生长激素瘤(GHA)细胞可分泌包装有大量miRNA的外泌体,成骨细胞摄取GHA细胞来源外泌体后增殖能力显著增强。已有研究表明,PI3K/AKT通路是调控成骨细胞增殖能力的关键通路,而PTEN是抑制该通路的关键分子。据此,我们提出科学假设:GHA细胞可通过外泌体分泌途径,造成成骨细胞中某些miRNA的输入性过表达,这些miRNA通过靶向PTEN来解除PTEN对PI3K/AKT通路的抑制作用,进而促进成骨细胞增殖。我们拟通过miRNA的深度测序技术,并结合细胞生物学及分子生物学的实验手段,对GHA细胞来源的外泌体进行研究,探索其对成骨细胞细胞生物学行为的影响,阐明GHA细胞来源外泌体促进成骨细胞增殖的具体分子机制,为肢端肥大患者提供新的治疗靶点。
肢端肥大症是一种起病隐匿的慢性进展性内分泌疾病,95%以上的指端肥大症由生长激素瘤引起。长期大量分泌的生长激素导致全身软组织、骨和软骨过度增生,引起面容改变、手足肥大、骨关节病变等代谢紊乱性疾病和其它的严重并发症,影响病人的健康和生存质量。已有研究将肢端肥大症的发病机制归因于生长激素/胰岛素样生长因子-1(GH/IGF-1)轴的过度活跃,但其它分子机制仍不清楚。生长激素瘤细胞分泌的外泌体中包含大量miRNA及蛋白质,生长激素瘤细胞是否通过投送外泌体调控末端靶细胞的增殖及分化,其中的作用尚不明确。在本项研究中,我们证实了生长激素瘤分泌的外泌体可被成骨细胞内化,miRNA-21-5p可通过外泌体的转运作用从生长激素瘤细胞转运至成骨细胞。进一步,miR-21-5p可通过调控PDCD4/AP-1信号通路促进成骨细胞的增殖; miR-21-5p通过调控Smad7/Runx2信号通路促进成骨的分化及矿化。动物实验结果同样提示生长激素瘤细胞分泌的外泌体可能通过诱导成骨细胞的增殖及分化促进体内骨小梁的形成。本研究证实生长激素瘤分泌的外泌体miR-21-5p在肢端肥大症的病理过程中独立于GH/IGF-1轴发挥作用,揭示了生长激素瘤细胞作用于肢体远端的新机制,为治疗生长激素瘤导致的肢端肥大症的治疗找到了新的靶点。另外,结合临床分析,我们认为内镜下经蝶窦手术治疗复发性和残留性垂体腺瘤是必要的。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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