Receptor interacting protein 3 (RIP3) is a promoter of programmed necrosis (PN). Apoptosis inducing factor (AIF) mediates DNA degradation and cell apoptosis after transferring to the nucleus from mitochondria. Recently, several researches have reported that AIF is also involved in PN and located in the downstream of RIP3. However, how RIP3 acts on AIF is not yet clear. For the first time, we reported that RIP3 combined with AIF to form a RIP3-AIF complex and translocated into the nucleus in the process of neuronal ischemic PN. Based on these, we speculate that RIP3 regulates the release and nuclear translocation of AIF; in the nucleus, RIP3 and AIF form DNA degradation complex 2, resulting in DNA degradation and neuronal death. In this study, global cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury model will be carried out. Molecular biological methods, such as western blot, immunofluorescence and immunoprecipitation, will be used to study the molecular mechanisms about RIP3 regulating AIF release and nuclear translocation (RIP3/AIF signal pathway), and the mechanisms about RIP3 in nuclear DNA degradation. RIP3/AIF pathway inhibitor, RNA interference inhibiting the expression of RIP3 and AIF gene knockout mice will be used to confirm the existence of above regulating mechanisms. Morphological and behavioral methods will be used to clarify the pivotal role of RIP3 in ischemic neuronal death. Finally, it is expected to find the key factors and potential intervention targets for the treatment of cerebral ischemic injury.
受体相互作用蛋白3(RIP3)是程序性坏死(PN)的启动分子,凋亡诱导因子(AIF)从线粒体释放、入核介导DNA降解及凋亡。近年来有研究报道AIF也参与PN且位于RIP3下游,但RIP3如何作用于AIF尚不明确。我们首次报道神经元缺血性PN中RIP3能与AIF结合形成RIP3-AIF复合体且向核内转位。据此,我们推测:RIP3调节AIF的释放及入核,在核内RIP3、AIF生成DNA复合体2,导致DNA降解、神经元死亡。本项目拟通过全脑缺血复灌损伤模型,采用免疫印迹、免疫荧光、免疫共沉淀等分子生物学技术阐述RIP3调节AIF释放、入核、DNA降解的具体分子机制;采用RIP3/AIF通路阻断剂、RNA干扰抑制RIP3表达、AIF基因敲除小鼠等方法从反向证实上述调节机制的存在;并从形态学、行为学方面验证RIP3在神经元缺血性死亡中的核心地位。最终有望为脑缺血损伤救治寻找到关键因子及潜在干预靶点。
神经元对缺血缺氧尤其敏感,因神经元的不可再生性缺血缺氧损伤往往遗留严重的后遗症。部分神经元在损伤即刻发生坏死,也有部分神经元发生迟发性/程序性死亡而留有抢救的机会。但迄今神经元程序性死亡机制尚不明了,因此临床治疗方法有限。我们前期发现受体相互作用蛋白3(Receptor interacting protein 3,RIP3)向细胞核内转移、与凋亡诱导因子(apoptosis inducing factor, AIF)相互作用参与全脑缺血复灌损伤后海马神经元的程序性坏死。本项目中,我们采用组织学、免疫荧光、Western blot及免疫共沉淀等实验技术或方法进一步研究程序性坏死上下游调控机制及各阻断剂在其中的作用。免疫荧光研究发现全脑缺血复灌损伤后组蛋白H2AX发生磷酸化修饰(γ-H2AX),混合系列蛋白激酶样结构域(mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein, MLKL)大量激活(p-MLKL),提示神经元DNA发生双链断裂以及程序性坏死。缺血复灌损伤后RIP3、AIF向细胞核内转移,核酸酶亲环素A(cyclophilin A,CypA)表达上调并发生核转位,RIP3、AIF、CypA、γ-H2AX在核周和核内存在空间上的相互重叠,提示RIP3、AIF、CypA、γ-H2AX之间存在相互作用。通过免疫共沉淀我们进一步证实缺血复灌损伤后AIF与RIP3、CypA存在相互结合,这些实验结果提示RIP3/AIF/CypA复合体的形成。RIP1抑制剂Necrostatin-1 (Nec-1)、RIP3抑制剂GSK'872、Bax通道抑制剂(Bax channel blocker和Bax inhibitor peptide V5)、自噬抑制剂3-甲基腺嘌呤(3-methyladenine,3-MA)以及巴伐洛霉素A1(Bafilomycin A1,BAF)均能抑制神经元的死亡,我们研究证实3-MA、BAF能够抑制RIP3、AIF、CypA蛋白间的相互结合。此外,在项目的资助下我们也开展了局灶性脑缺血复灌损伤研究以及脑血管病相关的临床研究,并取得一定成果。我们的研究结果提示缺血复灌损伤后神经元死亡过程中RIP3、AIF、CypA等分子间相互影响、相互作用,阻断其中一个环节均可以取得良好的保护作用,有望为脑缺血治疗提供新的潜在靶点。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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