典型“同物异谱、同谱异物”的偏振特性与识别研究

It is possible for studying the phenomenon of that the same sample with the different spectrum and the same spectrum indicates different samples basing on the rapid development of polarized remote sensing. Because there is an obvious anisotropic property of the interaction between electromagnetic wave and sample surfaces, the typical conclusion that earth surface is lambert is unreasonable. Except for the spectral information, the remote sensing signal of earth surfaces contains multi-angular information, and polarization. Thus, it is an interesting work for the phenomenon of that the same sample with the different spectrum and the same spectrum indicates different samples by the combination multi-angular and polarized information. We use the strict mathematics method and elaborate experiment to analyze the interactions of each factor on the polarization, such as 2^k and 3^k factor design, interaction experiment, entropy and fractal theory; these results are going to be used to investigate the mechanism of polarized reflectance after discovering the difference and universal from the polarization of surfaces. Then, we will define our study scheme for identification of earth surfaces by polarized remote sensing. This study contributes to the theory of polarized imaging, wavelength optimization and development of polarized sensor. It is also significant for the growth of polarized remote sensing and polarization excavation.

偏振遥感的发展为“同物异谱、同谱异物”研究带来了生机。传统遥感将地球表面假想为朗伯面有欠合理，电磁波与地表目标相互作用的响应具有明显的2π空间分布特征。来自地表的遥感信息，除了光谱信息外，还有多角度信息和偏振信息，偏振反射集光谱信息；多角度信息和偏振信息于一身，利用它来研究“同物异谱、同谱异物”的偏振特性与识别是一项颇具特色的研究。本研究采用严密的数学方法，精心做好试验设计，对其偏振影响因子及其交互作用进行定量分析，筛选出重要影响因子和水平，研究其偏振机理与反射特性。从中发现某些共性和差异性。并对“同物异谱、同谱异物”识别方案，进行海选和优选。该项研究拟采用2^k、3^k因子设计、正交试验设计、信息熵、分形理论等充分、全面、细致、深入地研究“同物异谱、同谱异物”问题。此项研究是遥感偏振成像机理、最佳波段选择、偏振传感器研制的重要依据。对偏振遥感的发展和偏振光谱潜在信息挖掘均有重要意义。

本项目通过对地面目标进行的偏振、多角度和高光谱测量结果，建立多源光谱信息数据库，确定植被、土壤等不同地面目标的不同偏振反射分布，以及相同地面目标由于表型、内部物质含量不同表现出的不同偏振反射分布，详细、完整的探讨其散射特性和反射机理，为遥感技术应用于不同地面目标区分、识别提供参考依据。同时分析典型地物“同物异谱、同谱异物”多角度偏振高光谱反射值的特性，定量研究目标地物的不同偏振特征信息，将多角度、高光谱和偏振信息结合，以便在不同的探测信息发现中发现某种共性、规律性，为遥感的探测手段和数据解释提供新视角，并利用其内在机理建立符合物理传输的定量模型。试图通过建立有效的偏振、反射强度或二者结合的定量模型来反演估测地物的主要参数指标，为遥感技术对地物监测、反演提供科学依据与新思路方法。本项目完全按照预期研究计划进行。