智能用电系统动态优化与等效电源稳态模型研究

With the rapid development of social economy and the transformation of national industry structure, the production and consumption mode of electricity have had a great change. Peak load grows dramatically but the duration is short, the gap between peak and valley load gets larger and the ratio of generating technology by new energy increases, the pressure from peak load regulation , energy saving and environmental protection has been strengthened. The part of electricity consumption is included in the construction of smart grid. As a result of flexibility of load electricity consumption characteristics, distributed generations installed on user-side and promotion of electrical vehicle will change comprehensive load demand, smart power consumption can be regarded as an effective method to relieve the pressure mentioned above. Based on the grading and progressive method, this project focuses on studying smart utilization system composed of energy storage equipment such as generations on user-side, thermostatically controlled load, motor system, illumination system and electrical vehicle by means of dynamic optimization control, from thermostatically controlled loads to various power consumption equipment and to the whole user-side, and provides theoretical basis for enhancing users’ comprehensive energy efficiency and decreasing peak load and the gap between peak and valley. On that basis, the steady-state model of equivalent generation in smart utilization system considering thermostatically controlled load is built for analyzing load and network dispatching and control.

随着社会经济的高速发展、国家产业结构的转变，电能生产与消费发生了巨大变化，电力峰值负荷迅速增大，但持续时间短，负荷峰谷差加大，新能源发电比例提高，大大增加了电力系统调峰和节能环保压力。智能电网建设包括用电环节，由于各种负荷的用电特性并非刚性，用户侧分布式电源以及电动汽车的推广应用可改变用户侧综合负荷需求，因此智能用电是缓解上述压力的有效手段。以用户侧电源、热静态负荷、动力系统、照明系统、电动汽车等储能系统构成的智能用电系统为研究对象，从热静态负荷到多种类型用电设备、再到整个用户侧，基于分层递进式思想研究智能用电系统的动态优化控制方法，为提高用户侧综合能效和削减高峰负荷、减小负荷峰谷差提供理论依据。在此基础上，建立计及热静态负荷的智能用电系统等效电源稳态模型，可为用户和电网的调度与控制提供基本的分析模型。

随着社会经济的高速发展、国家产业结构的转变，电能生产与消费发生了巨大变化，电力峰值负荷迅速增大，但持续时间短，负荷峰谷差加大，新能源发电比例提高，大大增加了电力系统调峰和节能环保压力。以用户侧电源、热静态负荷、动力系统、照明系统、电动汽车等储能系统构成的智能用电系统为研究对象，从热静态负荷到多种类型用电设备、再到整个用户侧，基于分层递进式思想研究智能用电系统的动态优化控制方法。提出了用户侧用电效用模型、用电系统的需求响应潜力评估方法；考虑用户舒适度、外界环境和用户行为等不确定性因素，建立了热静态负荷的优化控制模型和策略；提出了基于滚动修正的月度用电计划及用电需量优化模型、基于马尔可夫随机决策过程的用电系统日前用电优化模型，建立了多种类型用电设备的协调控制策略，以及考虑分布式能源的供用电系统优化运行策略；这些研究成果为提高用户侧综合能效和削减高峰负荷、减小负荷峰谷差提供了理论依据。在此基础上，建立了计及热静态负荷的智能用电系统等效电源稳态模型，可为用户和电网的调度与控制提供基本的分析模型。