病毒对琼东上升流细菌群落结构演替的调控机理

Upwelling is a special and important phenomenon in ocean, which accompanies a surge increase in biomass as a result of nutrients brought from the bottom of the sea, forming natural fishing grounds. Marine viruses can affect the succession of marine chemistry changes and biogeochemical cycles through host cell lysis. However, researches of the marine viruses, especially the mechanisms of bacterial community structure change, and the marine environment change caused by viruses are relatively scarce. In this proposal, using Qiongdong upwelling as the study areas, we will focus on the collaborative evolutionary relationships between viruses, bacteria and chemical environment. The following three research objectives will be carried out with high throughput sequencing and marine chemical approaches: First, the abundance, population distribution and changed characteristics of viruses and bacteria communities will be analyzed in the upwelling situ environment; Second, the interactive relationships between viruses and bacteria through time and the mechanisms of bacterial community structure influenced by viruses through the simulation experiment will be explored; Third, the chemical parameters of simulation experiment and in situ environment will be monitored using marine chemical methods, and be linked with virus community to explore how viruses affect marine chemical environment through their hosts. This proposal aims to provide novel insights into the regulative mechanisms of the bacterial community and the cycles of biogenic elements influenced by viruses in the upwelling environment, and for better understanding the critical roles of viruses in the marine environmental changes as well as the element cycling in marine ecosystems.

上升流是海洋中一种特殊且重要的现象，从海底带来的营养物质造成这一环境中生物量激增，形成天然的渔场。海洋病毒通过裂解宿主来影响海洋化学环境演变与生物地球化学循环过程，然而上升流中关于病毒的研究还比较欠缺，特别是病毒控制宿主进而调控化学环境的内在机制更鲜见报道。本项目将以琼东上升流为研究对象，聚焦病毒—宿主（细菌）—化学环境三者的协同演变规律，利用高通量测序与海洋化学手段展开以下三个方面的研究：1.上升流原位环境中病毒和细菌丰度及种群空间分布规律；2.通过模拟实验，获取病毒与细菌群落在时间序列上的相互作用关系，探讨病毒对细菌群落结构变化的控制规律；3.监测原位环境与模拟实验的化学参数变化，从而探讨病毒作用于细菌从而调控海洋化学环境演变的内在机理。本项目将有助于揭示上升流区病毒对宿主生态和生源要素循环的影响机制，也将为认识病毒在全球海洋环境演变和元素循环中的作用提供新的启示，具有重要的科学价值。