热电材料和器件3D打印过程中关键科学问题的研究

To overcome the drawbacks of the traditional fabrication techniques for thermoelectric(TE) modules, such as long route, considerable material’s loss and high cost, this proposal aims to develop a simple and low-cost method for producing the thermoelectric modules by 3D printing technique. The key scientific problems concerning this process will be investigated systematically. Based on the Selective Laser Melting(SLM) fabrication of TE materials, the fundamental physical and chemical process during the interaction between laser and TE powders will be.investigated in details. Also, it will be studied the manipulation of the SLM processing parameters and their effects on the materials chemical compositions, phase compositions, microstructures and the TE transport properties. Focusing on several kinds of typical TE materials, the proposal will establish SLM preparation techniques for obtaining materials with high TE performance and also superior mechanical properties. The research of the project will serve as a theoretical guide and a technical support for the additive manufacturing of TE materials and modules.

针对传统热电器件制备过程中工艺路线长、材料利用率低和成本高等缺点，本项目旨在开发热电器件的3D打印一步低成本制备技术，对热电器件3D打印过程中的关键科学问题进行系统研究。以选区激光熔化技术制备热电材料为出发点，本项目将揭示选区激光熔化过程中热电材料粉体和激光相互作用的基本物理和化学过程，阐明选区激光熔化工艺参数对材料化学组成和相组成、微观结构以及热电传输性能的影响规律和调控原理，以几种典型热电材料体系为突破口，建立具有优异热电性能和力学性能材料的选区激光熔化制备工艺，为热电材料及器件的增材制造技术提供理论指导和技术支撑。

针对传统热电器件制备过程中工艺路线长、材料利用率低和成本高等缺点，本项目旨在开发热电器件的3D打印一步低成本制备技术，对热电器件3D打印过程中的关键科学问题进行系统研究。本项目以p型BiSbTe、n型BiTeSe、SnTe、CoSb3和ZrNiSn为研究对象，揭示了选区激光熔化非平衡过程中热电材料粉体和激光相互作用的传热和传质等物理和化学过程，阐明了选区激光熔化非平衡过程中材料相转变和微观结构的形成机制，以及对热电传输性能的影响规律，建立了选区激光熔化非平衡制备热电材料的新技术。开发出的p-BiSbTe和n-BiTeSe材料的热电性能优异，在室温附近ZT值分别高达1.0和0.7，同时力学性能得到大幅度提升，抗压强度分别高达90 MPa和80 MPa。本项目为热电器件的3D打印制造奠定了技术基础。