马尾松对松毛虫组成抗性与诱导抗性对立表达的可能性及调控机制研究

The scientific and effective Dendrolimus Punctatus control provides reliable assurance for the great development of Pinus massoniana plantations. In terms of the fundamental of the coordinate evolution between plants and herbivores, inducible defenses are to be analyzed in P. massoniana species/clones selected with significant differences of constitutive defenses, using the changed method to research on constitutive defenses or inducible defenses from P. massoniana to D. Punctatus in this project. The relationships between two kinds of defenses from P. massoniana to D. Punctatus will be achieved using mathematics statistics. According to the mechanism for plant resistance to insect, the research on anatomy, nutrients as well as secondary metabolite will be involved in the determination on dominant factors of constitutive defenses and inducible defenses from P. massoniana to D. Punctatus. The key factors for two sorts of defenses will be determined using the combination with the roles of their bioactivity in resisting D. Punctatus. Based on the approach on synthesis and metabolite of the factors, the activity of them will be adjusted from environmental conditions, physiology, biochemistry and proteomics, which will bring out the regulation of constitutive defenses and inducible defenses from P. massoniana to D. Punctatus. It aims to develop a new way to ecologically control D. Punctatus and selectively cultivate good species of P. massoniana through the implementation of the project.

科学、高效地进行马尾松毛虫的综合防治，对马尾松人工林的大力发展提供了可靠保证。基于植物与植食性昆虫协同进化原理，本项目通过改变单一研究马尾松对松毛虫组成抗性或诱导抗性的传统方法，选择几种抗松毛虫组成抗性差异显著的马尾松品系，进行其诱导抗性的分析。然后，利用数学手段得出马尾松对松毛虫两种抗性表达间的关系。根据植物抗虫机制，从形态解剖、营养物质和次生代谢物质方面，明确马尾松对松毛虫组成抗性、诱导抗性的主导因子。结合其抗松毛虫的生物活性作用，鉴定组成抗性、诱导抗性的主导生物活性因子。基于该因子合成、代谢途径，从环境因子、生理生化和蛋白质组学方面调节其上、下游的活性，从而实现对马尾松抗松毛虫组成抗性和诱导抗性能力的调控。通过项目实施，旨在为今后马尾松毛虫的生态防治及马尾松良种选育开辟一条新的途径。

马尾松是我南方生态建设与造林用材的主要树种，科学、高效地进行马尾松毛虫的综合防治，对加快马尾松人工林的发展意义重大。以7种抗虫能力差异显著的不同基因型马尾松为研究对象，通过松毛虫喂养试验，发现马尾松对松毛虫组成抗性和诱导抗性表达呈一定的平衡关系。基因型、生理年龄是导致马尾松对松毛虫抗虫能力差异显著的主导与关键因素，通过创建的马尾松离体植株再生繁殖技术，解决了试验过程中抗虫材料基因型与生理年龄不稳定的问题，保证了试验结果的有效与可靠性。从形态解剖、生理生化和基因组学角度，揭示了萜烯类物质与马尾松对松毛虫的抗性密切相关。通过改变环境光温条件，植株中萜烯物质组分及含量变化较大。外源喷施茉莉酸甲酯，松毛虫取食针叶量下降，植株抗虫性增强。经检测，马尾松植株中低萜烯类物质及与其合成代谢关联的质体萜烯合成酶活性、N素含量均明显增加。通过调控质体结构及质体萜烯合成酶的活性与稳定性，将有望实现对马尾松抗虫能力的高效防治。