恒星级黑洞的吸积模式与喷流特征的关联

The theory of accretion and jet in a stellar-mass black hole system has been widely applied to X-ray binaries and gamma-ray bursts. In this project, we will focus on the relationship between accretion modes and jet properties. First, we will study the issue why in X-ray binaries there is a jet in the low/hard state but no jet exists in the high/soft state. In our opinion, such a phenomenon may be relevant to the energy advection or the accumulation efficiency of magnetic fields. Second, we will combine black hole X-ray binaries and gamma-ray bursts to investigate the relationship between the jet power and the accretion state. Third, we will concentrate on the episodic jet in X-ray binaries during the transition from the low/hard state to the high/soft state. By using the observational data of the black hole X-ray binary GRS 1915+105, we will study the relationship between this specific type of jet and the accretion. Fourth, we will compare the multi-band radiation in the quiescent state of black hole X-ray binaries and neutron star ones, and revisit the possible observational evidence of the black hole horizon. Finally, we will develop the jet precession model based on the warped accretion disk theory. We expect to obtain a new relationship between the precession period and the disk luminosity, and apply it to X-ray binaries and gamma-ray bursts.

恒星级黑洞的吸积与喷流理论被广泛应用于X射线双星和伽玛射线暴。在本项目中我们将关注吸积模式与喷流特征的关联。首先，我们将研究为什么X射线双星的低硬态有喷流而高软态却不存在喷流。我们认为该现象可能与能量径移或磁场堆积效率有关。其次，我们将结合黑洞X射线双星和伽玛暴来研究喷流功率与吸积状态的关系。随后，我们将针对低硬态至高软态的转变期间所发生的间歇性喷流来研究。借助于GRS 1915+105这个黑洞X射线双星的观测数据，我们将研究这种特殊形态的喷流与吸积的关联。然后，我们将对比处于宁静态的黑洞X射线双星与中子星X射线双星的多波段辐射，并重新研究黑洞视界可能的观测证据。最后，我们将基于扭曲的吸积盘理论来发展喷流进动模型。我们期待能得到进动周期与吸积盘光度之间的新关系式并将它应用于X射线双星和伽玛暴。

在本项目中我们主要研究了黑洞X射线双星中的吸积和喷流。此外，我们还研究了利用LAMOST光谱寻找恒星级黑洞候选者、快速射电重复暴的物理机制、伽玛射线暴及其X射线耀发的中心引擎。这4年期间的3项主要成果是：建立了几何厚、超爱丁顿的吸积模型对极亮超软源和极亮X射线源给出了统一描述，揭示了极亮超软源的物理机制；建立了中子星－白矮星双星的吸积模型来解释快速射电暴的重复爆发行为；提出了仅从光学观测寻找恒星级黑洞的新方法，并利用我国LAMOST望远镜光谱数据给出了7个黑洞候选者。在本项目的支持下我们总共发表了39篇学术论文，其中多数发表在ApJ、MNRAS、A&A上。顾为民以第一且/或通讯作者发表论文13篇，翁山杉以第一且/或通讯作者发表论文8篇。2019年，顾为民获得了国家杰出青年科学基金的资助，并入选了第四批国家“万人计划”科技创新领军人才。