高速道岔变截面组合廓形轮轨接触几何评价与廓形优化研究

Wheel-rail contact geometry is the most basic part of wheel-rail relationship study. It can be used as an important factor to measure wheel-rail contact behavior and matching relationship in high-speed turnout. Based on the three-dimensional mathematical description of combination rail profile that is asymmetric variable cross-section in high-speed turnout, the wheel-rail contact geometry model of high speed turnout is established. The effects of quasi-elastic contact and multi-point contact on the wheel-rail contact point in high-speed turnout are studied. The correctness of the model is verified by photoelastic experiment of wheel/rail contact. The distribution of lateral displacement of wheelset analyse by hypothesis test. The evaluation system of wheel/rail contact geometry in high-speed turnout is constructed by combined with wheel/rail contact trace gradient, equivalent conicity, contact bandwidth and lateral displacement of wheelset. The mechanism of its influence on wheel-rail dynamic performance is studied. Multi-objective optimization model for rail profile in turnout with aim of wheel-rail contact evaluation indexs is established and solved by grey synthetic incidence analysis method, to achieve comprehensive optimization which can provide scientific guidance for the development of high-speed turnout and maintenance of for in-service high-speed turnouts.

轮轨接触几何是轮轨关系研究中最基本内容，直观反映轮轨匹配状态的多层次信息，可作为衡量高速铁路道岔轮轨相互作用和匹配关系的重要标尺。本项目基于高速道岔钢轨变截面组合廓形的三维数学描述，构建高速道岔轮轨接触点快速算法，研究准弹性接触和多点接触对高速铁路道岔区轮轨接触点的影响，运用轮轨接触光弹实验验证该算法的正确性；利用拉丁超立方随机抽样法，结合车辆-道岔动力学，运用假设检验法分析轮对横移的分布规律，并结合轮轨接触迹线梯度、等效锥度和接触带宽，构建高速道岔轮轨接触几何评价体系，研究高速铁路道岔轮轨接触几何状态对轮轨动力性能的影响机制；在此基础上，建立以轮轨接触几何评价指标综合最优为目标的高速铁路道岔变截面组合廓形多目标优化模型，运用灰色关联分析法进行求解，以期实现改善轮轨动力性能的高速道岔组合廓形综合优化，为标准高速道岔的优化设计和在役高速道岔的维护提供科学指导。

轮轨接触几何是轮轨关系研究中最基本内容，直观反映轮轨匹配状态的多层次信息，可作为衡量高速铁路道岔轮轨相互作用和匹配关系的重要标尺。本项目基于高速道岔钢轨变截面组合廓形的三维数学描述，构建高速道岔轮轨接触点快速算法，研究准弹性接触和多点接触对高速铁路道岔区轮轨接触点的影响，通过将现场测试数据与相应的程序计算结果进行对比分析，从而验证算法的可靠性；利用拉丁超立方随机抽样法，结合车辆-道岔动力学，运用假设检验法分析轮对横移的分布规律，并结合轮轨接触迹线梯度、等效锥度和接触带宽，构建高速道岔轮轨接触几何评价体系，研究高速铁路道岔轮轨接触几何状态对轮轨动力性能的影响机制；在此基础上，建立以轮轨接触几何评价指标综合最优为目标的高速铁路道岔变截面组合廓形多目标优化模型，运用灰色关联分析法进行求解，以期实现改善轮轨动力性能的高速道岔组合廓形综合优化，为标准高速道岔的优化设计和在役高速道岔的维护提供科学指导。