危机感知下企业知识刚性调控：基于员工知识交互行为的分析

The over dependence on specific knowledge may cause knowledge rigidity phenomenon in firms. Under the background of frequent technological change and intense knowledge creation competition nowadays, it becomes increasingly important for firms to understand the inherent mechanism and take appropriate and feasible regulatory management measures. The existing researches focus more on the formation and influence analysis of the knowledge rigidity at the firm level. Based on the previous studies, this program integrates the motivation, opportunity and ability factors of knowledge transfer and sharing between internal employees. The quantification method of the knowledge rigidity is discussed and employee knowledge interaction network model is then constructed. By multi-scenario design and simulation analysis, we will show the interrelation between the employee knowledge interaction behavior and the knowledge rigidity in firms. The moderating effect of both motivation-opportunity-ability factors and employee knowledge interaction network factors will be revealed. In the external uncertain crisis situation, like technological change, ant colony algorithm is used to optimize the existing enterprise knowledge combination. Based on that, we propose knowledge rigidity regulation and control strategies, including knowledge rigidity cause control by employee, motivation-opportunity-ability guide of knowledge interaction, and knowledge interaction network adjustment. This study will provide new theoretic support to the in-depth understanding of the knowledge rigidity phenomenon in firms, as well as detailed guidance for firms’ knowledge rigidity management practice in crisis situations.

面对因过分依赖特定知识导致的知识刚性现象，企业如何认知其内在机理并采取合适可行的调控管理措施，在当前技术变革频繁、知识创新竞争激烈的背景下，正变得愈发重要。针对已有研究多侧重企业层面分析知识刚性形成与影响的现状，课题将在前期研究基础上，整合企业内部员工间知识转移与共享的动机、机会和能力因素，研究企业知识刚性的量化测度方法，构建知识刚性视角下的员工知识交互网络模型。通过多情景设计与仿真分析，揭示员工知识交互行为与企业知识刚性之间的相互关系，探析知识交互“动机-机会-能力”因素与员工知识交互网络因素两个方面的调节作用。在技术变革等外部不确定危机情境下，通过蚁群算法的企业在用知识组合优化研究，提出员工个体知识刚性成因控制、知识交互“动机-机会-能力”引导和知识交互网络调整的企业知识刚性调控策略。课题研究将为深入认识企业知识刚性现象提供新的理论支撑，为危机情境下的知识刚性管理措施制定提供实际指导。

认知企业知识刚性现象的内在机理，采取合适可行的管理措施加以应对，在当前国内外技术变革愈加频繁、知识创新竞争越加激烈的经济与社会背景下，显得日益重要。本课题研究以建模与仿真为主，理论分析及实证调研相结合的方法，致力于整合企业内部员工间知识转移与共享情景，围绕影响员工知识交互的动机、机会和能力因素，构建知识刚性视角下员工层面的知识交互网络模型，基于多情景的仿真分析，揭示员工知识交互行为与企业知识刚性之间的相互关系，探析“动机-机会-能力”因素与员工知识交互网络因素两个方面的调节作用。引入知识效用并量化危机感知，通过以效用为目标函数的企业在用知识组合优化研究，提出危机感知下基于知识刚性成因控制、“动机-机会-能力”引导和知识交互网络调整的企业知识刚性调控策略。.通过开展基于MOA框架的员工知识交互网络建模、员工知识交互行为与企业知识刚性相互影响的仿真分析，以及危机感知下的企业知识刚性调控策略三大部分内容，研究发现企业成长过程中普遍存在知识刚性呈现前期逐渐增长、中期持续平稳和后期迅速下降的三阶段式单周期变化模式，效用强化因素促刚性增长，外部环境因素则是引发刚性突变的诱因，员工知识交互行为显著影响企业层面知识刚性化程度，尤其是处于网络核心位置的员工个体。刚性基础值低、变革意识强的企业，呈现更快速的刚性增幅、程度更深的影响作用而存续周期较短，其知识更替频繁而效用较高。企业应明晰特定员工知识交互决策行为所引发知识刚性影响的连锁反应，采取提高特定节点员工个体的变革意识、调节知识效用期望等方式，控制对现有知识的过度依赖，快速响应外部技术变革危机等环境变化。本课题研究将为深入认识企业知识刚性现象提供理论支撑，为制定具体的知识刚性管理措施、技术路径的规划与管控提供实际指导。