贵金属@MOFs拉曼微阵列芯片构建及对痕量爆炸物气氛的高通量快速检测

The rapid collection and On-site identification of ultra-trace trace explosive airborne species is a serious challenge to safeguard national security and social stability. Surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) exhibited the characteristics of "fingerprint" spectra and high sensitivity. However, the vapor pressure of aromatic nitro explosive is low, the Raman scattering cross section of explosive molecules is small, and the interaction with the surface of noble metal is weak. Therefore, the detection of aromatic nitro explosive in atmospheres is still a challenging problem. This project will develop a selective enrichment and highly sensitive noble metal@MOFs (metal organic framework materials) composite Raman microarray chip to achieve the rapid detection of trace explosive in atmospheres： 1) The design and preparation of precious metal @MOFs composite structure, the study on the adsorption efficiency and adsorption kinetics of explosive atmosphere, reveals the relationship between nano-structure and Raman enhancement effect; 2) Research ligand structure, MOFs construction method and specific identification performance between different aromatic nitro explosives, clarify its interaction mechanism, establish a quantitative relationship between the signal intensity and gas concentration；3) Explore the Raman feature recognition mode for various explosive atmospheres on the Raman microarray chip, and to build an analytical platform for sensitive detection of explosive atmospheres based on the mobile terminal system. The expected results will provide an effective means for the high-throughput detection of trace explosive in atmospheres.

固体爆炸物痕量挥发气氛的快速收集及现场鉴定是维护国家安全和社会稳定面临的严峻挑战。表面增强拉曼散射（SERS）具有超灵敏和指纹光谱特性，但爆炸物蒸汽压极低、难以有效富集以及爆炸物分子散射截面小等问题限制对其气氛的拉曼检测。本项目拟设计兼具选择性富集和高灵敏信号输出的贵金属@MOFs（金属有机骨架材料）拉曼微阵列芯片，实现对痕量芳香硝基爆炸物气氛的检测：1)设计制备贵金属@MOFs复合结构，研究对爆炸物气氛吸附效率与吸附动力学，揭示纳米结构与拉曼增强效应之间的关系；2）研究配体结构、MOFs构筑方法与不同芳香硝基爆炸物之间的特异性识别性能，阐明其相互作用机理，建立信号强度与气体浓度之间的定性定量关系；3）构建拉曼微阵列芯片，探索对多种爆炸物气氛的拉曼特征识别模式，结合移动终端系统搭建用于爆炸物气氛现场灵敏检测的分析平台。预期成果将为痕量芳香硝基爆炸物气氛的高通量快速检测提供新思路和技术手段

常见爆炸物尤其是三硝基甲苯(TNT)不但杀伤力巨大，也被世界卫生组织国际癌症研究机构列为致癌物，对公共安全和生态环境都造成潜在的威胁。依赖大型仪器的实验室检测手段不能满足低成本、快捷的现场检测需求，开发检测新模式和新方法具有重要现实意义。本项目制备了纳米粒子和金属有机骨架材料(MOFs)的核-壳结构复合纳米材料，通过优化条件揭示了反应体系温度、溶剂、表面活性剂、反应物含量等参数对可控制备的影响，同时调控核壳结构纳米粒子的形貌和尺寸充分发挥核壳型的二元组成协同性能，对SERS光谱数据进行挖掘理解检测机理，确定了检测信号强度与待测物浓度之间的线性关系、线性范围及检出限。项目发展了SERS与层析技术结合的快速检测技术，优化实验检测条件，进一步利用手持拉曼光谱仪实现了对TNT的现场、快速、灵敏检测。项目制备了抗体修饰的磁性MOFs复合纳米材料，实现了对复杂样品中目标物的高效富集。此外，在本项目的资助下，对研究中发现的新现象和新思路进行了深入研究，取得了一些重要研究成果，开发了一系列的可用于环境中其它重要危害物以及生物样品检测的传感器，并且在标准化及样品前处理研究方面也取得了一定进展。