岩羊种群遗传多样性研究

Based on the population ecology research of bharal (Pseudois nayaur) and dwarf blue sheep (Pseudois nayaur schaeferi) in the field, this project focused on the phylogeny of bharal and dwarf blue sheep and the genetic structure of bharal populations from Sichuan and Ningxia.of China. Total DNA from four dried skin samples of dwarf blue sheep and eleven blue sheep from Sichuan, Qinghai and Ningxia provinces were extracted and Cyt b genes were sequenced. These complete sequences (1140bp) from bharal and dwarf blue sheep were deposited in the GenBank. ( accession number: bharal（Pseudois nayaur）：AF493575-AF493580，AF473606，AF473607，AF473608，AF500196，AF500197；dwarf blue sheep (Pseudois nayaur schaeferi): AF473602，AF473603，AF473604，AF473605 ). .So far, the phylogenetic relationship between bharal and dwarf blue sheep has been an open question. Meantime, there has been no previous molecular examination of population genetics structure and the phylogenetic origin of blue sheep. Consequently, our results provided basic data on the phylogenetic relationship between bharal and dwarf blue sheep and the first preliminary information on the bharal population (Sichuan and Ningxia) genetic strucuture and its phylogenetic origin. The dwarf blue sheep (Pseudois nayaur schaeferi) should be considered as a subspecies of the bharal (Pseudois nayaur). The Cyt b molecular clock gives an estimated approximate time of divergence for the bharal and dwarf blue sheep of 1～3 million years. Sichuan population of blue sheep had higher genetic diversity than Ningxia population. Blue sheep originated from 3~6 million years and split up from the genus Capra and developed along separate evolutionary path-way.

线粒体细胞色素b,D-loop特异性片段，本课题以濒危保护动物岩羊为对象，PCR扩增和DNA序列测定等现代分子生物学技术来研究其分子进化，种群间遗传结构的差异，阐明栖⒌仄扑榛透衾?程度，对种群遗传多样性的影响机制，认识种群扩散过程中的历史过程和进化类型，并用GIS完成其遗传特征－－栖息地相对应的分布图。最终确定岩羊的进化途径饩霭已虻姆掷嗟匚唬已蛑帜诜只奈侍狻４臃肿铀教岢鑫镏直；さ挠行Ф圆摺?.