滞后型岩爆前兆信息识别及多元预警机制研究

As deep as the construction of underground engineering, rockburst disasters have become increasingly prominent, it is urgent to solve the problem of rock mechanics. And the early warning for rockburst disasters, is the most important. In this project, the key scientific issue, viz.,time-dependent deformation of the surrounding rock mass leads to delayed rockburst in deep tunnel is to be concentrated considering the time-dependent deformation characteristics of the surrounding rockmass in deep buried tunnels, adopting multi-desciplinary methods such as fracture mechanics, electromagnetics and seismology , to recognize the precursor information of rockburst, to perform the study on surrounding rock in the process of creep rupture , the micro-electromagnetic precursor and its temporal evolution law. Associated damage evolution and creep rate evolution characteristics during unloading of deep rock mass, to establish a high-stressed creep damage model .Coupling relationship between the application of large-scale numerical analysis method to study the characteristics of rock damage and micro seismic, electromagnetic radiation precursory information lag, proposed rockburst precursory information identification criterion and the principle of monitoring, established early warning technology system for continuous monitoring of rockburst hazard multivariate, namely, in the rockburst time from a comprehensive analysis of the early prediction to the real-time monitoring and early warning ,in the space from a regional space monitoring and warning to the space-time continuum of local monitoring and early warning monitoring and early warning, and according to the no, weak, medium, strong 4 levels to delay rockburst classification prediction, provided a theoretical basis for seeking to control and predict the application of underground works deformation instability and long-term stability.

随着地下工程的深地施工，岩爆灾害日益突出，已经成为岩石力学亟需解决的难题。对于岩爆灾害即时预警，更是重中之重。本项目以滞后型岩爆前兆信息识别及预警这一关键科学问题为核心，基于断裂力学、电磁学、地震学等多学科交叉的研究方法，进行岩爆前兆信息的声电信号特征识别，研究围岩在蠕变过程中的微破裂和电磁辐射前兆及其时空演化规律。根据卸荷蠕变变形损伤演化规律及蠕变率随时间的发展阶段特征，构建高应力作用下岩体蠕变损伤模型。应用大规模数值分析方法研究岩体损伤破坏特征与微震、电磁辐射等前兆信息的耦合关系，提出滞后型岩爆前兆信息辨识准则与监测原理，建立岩爆灾害多元连续监测预警技术体系，即岩爆灾害时间上从早期综合分析预测到实时监测预警，空间上从区域监测预警到局部监测预警的时空连续监测预警，并按无、弱、中、强4级对滞后型岩爆进行分级预测预报，为寻求地下工程变形失稳控制及长期稳定性的预测提供理论和应用基础。

本项目以滞后型岩爆前兆信息识别及预警这一关键科学问题为核心，依托秦岭引汉济渭工程和荒沟抽水蓄能电站地下厂房工程，基于断裂力学、电磁学、地震学等多学科交叉的研究方法，进行岩爆前兆信息的声电信号特征识别，研究围岩在蠕变过程中的微破裂和电磁辐射前兆及其时空演化规律。根据微破裂的时、空、强（时间、空间、强度）特征和频度与聚集程度及其宏观发展规律，揭示了岩石破裂的3S现象与微破裂活动时空演化之间的关系，提出微破裂是区域应力变化显现的论断；基于背景应力场扰动与微震活动性关系，建立不良地质结构的微震探测方法，分析微震活动性与岩体松弛变形活动性之间的关系，提出考虑微震能量耗散的岩体损伤准则；根据岩体损伤破坏特征与微震、电磁辐射等前兆信息的耦合关系，借鉴模糊数学理论，提出滞后型岩爆前兆信息辨识准则与监测原理，建立岩爆灾害多元连续监测预警技术体系，即岩爆灾害时间上从早期综合分析预测到实时监测预警，空间上从区域监测预警到局部监测预警的时空连续监测预警，并按无、弱、中、强4级对滞后型岩爆进行分级预测预报，为地下工程岩爆风险防控奠定理论基础。.在本项目的资助下，课题组获得授权发明专利7项，获得省部级科技进步二等奖1项，省部级学术成果二等奖1项，省部级教学成果一等奖1项。在国际刊物上发表论文8篇，国内核心刊物上发表论文6篇。其中，SCI收录论文8篇，EI收录论文12篇。培养博士研究生5人，硕士研究生11人。参加国际学术会议7人次。