船用光纤陀螺热-应力场误差分析及耦合特性研究

Fiber optic gyroscope (FOG), as the core component of the third generation inertial measurement combination, is widely used in ship, submarine and other carriers. The fiber ring is the core component of the fiber optic gyroscope, and sensitive to both the temperature and the stress. In order to meet the needs of marine navigation equipment FOG high precision, long endurance requirements, the fiber ring of large diameter and long distance will be chosen. With the increase of fiber length, the difficulty of the fiber encircling system will increase continuously, and its sensitivity to the temperature and stress and other environmental physical fields will increase significantly. Therefore, in order to maintain the precision of FOG, clarifying the mechanism of the coupling effect of temperature stress cross-linking in FOG, building a drift error model of FOG under the conditions of temperature field and stress field, revealing the relationship between the coupling drift and the physical field and the parameters of the fiber ring and finding the means to restrain the drift error, is the premise and foundation of improving the environment adaptability of FOG. This project will be focused on analysis and modeling of physical field error mechanism of fiber optic gyroscope, mathematical model of physical field error of FOG, quantitative analysis of fiber ring parameters and improving traditional four stage symmetric fiber ring. This project has important national defense significance and application value for improving the applicability of marine fiber optic gyroscope and meeting the demand of ship to fiber inertial navigation.

光纤陀螺是第三代惯性测量组合的核心部件，被广泛应用于船舶、潜艇等各种船用载体上。作为光纤陀螺核心部件的光纤环,其对温度和应力均较为敏感。为满足船用光纤陀螺导航设备高精度、长航时的需求，往往会选择大直径、长距离的光纤环，随着光纤长度的增加，光纤环绕制难度会不断提升，其对温度和应力等环境物理场的敏感程度也会显著增加。因此，为了保持光纤陀螺的使用精度，研究光纤陀螺温度-应力交联耦合效应产生的机理，建立考虑温度场、应力场等因素条件下的光纤陀螺漂移误差模型，揭示耦合漂移与物理场及光纤环各参数之间的规律，研究抑制漂移误差的方法，是提高光纤陀螺环境适应性的前提和基础。本项目拟从光纤陀螺物理场误差机理分析与建模、光纤陀螺物理场误差数学模型求解、光纤环参数定量分析、改进传统四级对称光纤环等几方面展开深入研究。本项目对于提高船用光纤陀螺适用性，满足舰船对光纤惯导的需求有着重要的国防意义和应用价值。

光纤陀螺是第三代惯性测量单元的核心传感器，被广泛应用于船舶、潜艇等各种船用载体上。作为光纤陀螺核心部件的光纤环，其对温度和应力均较为敏感。为满足船用光纤陀螺导航设备高精度、长航时的需求，本项目开展船用光纤陀螺热-应力场误差分析及耦合特性研究。具体研究从以下几方面开展：.（1）光纤陀螺物理场误差机理分析与建模.深入分析了温度场和应力场对光纤折射率和长度变化的影响，推导了光纤环非互易性相位差的表达式，考虑光纤环等效半径、长度变化、尾纤不对称和跨层跃迁等因素，根据矩阵空间的内积定理，建立了温度场、应力场和多因素条件下陀螺漂移误差模型。.（2）光纤陀螺物理场误差数学模型求解.建立了光纤环三维物理模型，详细分析了光纤环内部的温度和应力分布情况，完成了温度场与应力场耦合作用下陀螺漂移误差的计算，分析了光纤环内物理场分布的对称性的重要性。最后，利用试验验证了项目提出陀螺漂移误差模型和光纤环物理模型的正确性。.（3）光纤环参数定量分析.定量分析光纤环层数、匝数、内径、截面比等尺寸参数，光纤直径和涂覆层材料，固胶材料与均匀性等参数对陀螺漂移误差的影响情况，建立了光纤环尺寸参数的设计、光纤和固胶材料的选取的指导原则。.（4）改进四级对称光纤环性能分析.提出了种改进的四级对称绕法，建立了改进四级对称绕法光纤环的数学模型和物理模型，完成了光纤环内部物理场分布的数值计算，试验证明了改进光纤环有利于减小陀螺漂移误差，提高环境适应性。