颞下颌关节生理运动模拟分析与运动实验台的基础设计

Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is the most delicate and active joint in human structure, as well as the most susceptible one. There is much physiological significance in clearing the movement pattern of TMJ for prevention and treatment of TMJ diseases. TMJ prosthesis replacement is now the most effective treatment for diseases such as advanced osteoarthritis (OA), idiopathic condylar resorption (ICR) and TMJ ankylosis. However in China, both clinical application and scientific research in this area are still in their infancy. Meanwhile, there is no relevant motion platform to provide the hardware conditions for TMJ physiological motion simulation or prosthesis testing at home and abroad. Hence, based on previous research, this project intends to establish a dynamic model of TMJ physiological movement by merging CT and dynamic MRI of healthy subjects, and to construct dynamic equation of TMJ with 3D finite element analysis. Furthermore, it intends to establish the dynamic coordinate system and to carry out pose transformation, on the basis of the six degree of freedom joint testing prototype, to improve and to optimise the architecture and the driver of the prototype, and then to accomplish the basic design of the experimental platform for TMJ movement. The implementation and completion of this project will help to reveal the physiological mechanism of TMJ, and will provide the hardware foundation for the design analysis and testing of TMJ prosthesis.

颞下颌关节是人体结构最精细、运动最活跃的关节，也最易发病，明确其运动模式对颞下颌关节疾病的预防和诊治具有重要意义。对于颞下颌关节最常见疾病骨关节炎、髁突特发性吸收和强直，关节假体置换是目前最有效治疗方法，但在我国的临床应用和科学研究尚属起步阶段，国内外也无运动实验平台直接为颞下颌关节运动模拟和假体检测提供硬件条件。因此，本项目拟在前期研究基础上，通过健康受试者的头颅CT和动态MRI拟合建立颞下颌关节生理运动的动态模型，结合三维有限元分析构建颞下颌关节动力学方程；进一步建立动坐标系并进行位姿变换，在六自由度关节检测样机基础上进行架构改良和驱动方程优化，完成颞下颌关节运动实验台的基础设计。本项目的实施和完成有助于深入全面揭示颞下颌关节生理运动机制，并为颞下颌关节假体的设计分析和检测提供硬件基础。

颞下颌关节是人体结构最精细、运动最活跃的关节，颞下颌关节病是口腔第四大好发疾病，明确其运动模式对颞下颌关节疾病的防治具有重要意义。关节假体置换是颞下颌关节骨关节炎、髁突特发性吸收和强直等最稳定有效得治疗，但国内外也无运动实验平台直接为颞下颌关节运动模拟和假体检测提供硬件条件。因此，本项目通过健康受试者的头颅CT和动态MRI拟合建立颞下颌关节生理运动的动态模型，结合三维有限元分析构建完成颞下颌关节动力学方程（位置分式和力学分式）；在动坐标系上进行位姿变换，并在六自由度Prosim关节检测样机基础上进行架构改良和驱动方程优化，完成了颞下颌关节运动实验台的基础设计并进行验证，样机可以实现颞下颌关节运动的模拟、咬合力模拟，实现10万次的运动，具备静态力学、动态力学和抗疲劳测试的能力。本项目的实施将颞下颌关节运动的机制通过方程式进行解读和阐明，全面揭示颞下颌关节生理运动模式，并为颞下颌关节假体的设计分析和检测提供硬件基础。