热再生氨化学电池与吸收制冷耦合循环的工作机理及相关基础问题研究

Low grade heat exists widely in industrial production and residential life. Thermally regenerative ammonia battery(TRAB) is a novel and potential way to utilize these energies, possessing the advantages of high energy density and convenient energy storage. A coupling cycle of TRAB and ammonia / lithium nitrate /water absorption refrigeration is proposed in this project. This cycle can effectively take advantages of TRAB and heat driven absorption refrigeration, improving the energy efficiency of TRAB, realizing cooling and power generation driven by low grade heat, and storing energy with high density. The cycle will be very suitable for application fields with unstable heat source and cooling demand. Profound theoretical and experimental researches will be carried out to study the working mechanisms and relevant fundamentals involved with the proposed new coupling cycle that utilizes low grade heat to produce cooling and power. The contents include: vapor-liquid equilibrium characteristics of ammonia/ ammonium nitrate/ cupric nitrate/ water system, thermodynamic mechanism of the regeneration process of TRAB electrolyte and the coupling mechanism of TRAB and absorption refrigeration. The laws of cooling and power cogeneration and the promotion method of energy utilization efficiency will be investigated in order to realize cooling and power cogeneration with low grade heat and relatively high thermodynamic efficiency. The project results could further widen the application range of absorption refrigeration and make a contribution to the scientific theory of absorption refrigeration cycle.

低品位热在工业生产和居民生活中广泛存在，热再生氨化学电池具有能量密度高、储能方便等优点，是近年兴起的低品位热发电新途径，极具发展潜力。本项目提出一种热再生氨化学电池与氨-硝酸锂-水吸收制冷耦合循环，该循环可有效发挥氨化学电池和热驱动吸收制冷两者的优点，在提高热再生氨化学电池能量利用效率的同时，实现低品位热驱动冷电联供和高密度能量储存，非常适用于热源或冷量需求不稳定的应用场合。本项目从理论和实验两方面对所提出的新型低品位热驱动冷电联供耦合循环的工作机理及相关基础问题展开深入研究，包括氨-硝酸铵-硝酸铜-水体系的气液相平衡特性、氨化学电池电解液再生过程热力学机理以及氨化学电池与吸收制冷循环耦合机理等内容，探讨冷电联供规律和能量利用效率提升方法，以期实现较高热力学效率的低品位热驱动冷电联供。本项目成果将进一步拓展吸收式制冷循环的应用范围，并为丰富和完善吸收式制冷循环的科学理论做出贡献。

低品位热在工业生产和居民生活中广泛存在，热再生氨化学电池具有能量密度高、储能方.便等优点，是近年兴起的低品位热发电新途径，极具发展潜力。本项目提出一种热再生氨化学电池与氨-硝酸锂-水吸收制冷耦合循环，该循环可有效发挥氨化学电池和热驱动吸收制冷两者的优点，在提高热再生氨化学电池能量利用效率的同时，实现低品位热驱动冷电联供和高密度能量储存，非常适用于热源或冷量需求不稳定的应用场合。本项目从理论和实验两方面对所提出的新型低品位热驱动冷电联供耦合循环的工作机理及相关基础问题展开了深入研究，包括氨-硫酸铵-硫酸铜-水体系的气液相平衡特性、比热容特性、电解液再生过程热力学机理以及氨化学电池与吸收制冷循环耦合机理等内容，探讨了耦合循环冷电联产性能变化规律和能量利用效率提升方法。耦合循环在热源热汇温度条件为135℃/20℃时，可以实现0.388 的-33℃制冷COP或3.753%的发电效率。本项目成果将进一步拓展吸收式制冷循环的应用范围，并为低品位热利用的科学理论做出贡献。