振转动拉曼激光雷达探测边界层大气温度的方法研究

The atmospheric temperature is an important meteorological parameters in atmospheric physics,weather forecasting and atmospheric environmental research. Lidar in atmospheric temperature detection has become a research hotspot duo to its high accuracy and spatial resolution. However,due to the interference of the aerosol scattering signal in the troposphere (especially boundary layer) and many drawbacks of the lidar constant calibration method based on balloon sounding, the application of the pure rotational Raman lidar has been a lot of restrictions. The lidar retrieval of atmospheric temperature based on vibration rotation Raman spectrum is proposed, The method can effectively avoid the interference of the elastic scattering signal, to improve the detection accuracy of the laser radar. At same time a level calibration method is proposed. Calibration of the lidar system constant can be derived by comparing the horizontal data of the lidar with the data taken simultaneously with other standard instruments. The research on new detection methods and calibration methods will improve the practicality and the reliability of the results of the lidar atmospheric temperature detection. Comparative study betweew lidar temperature detection results and the microwave radiometer or radiosonde balloon data will be carry out to prove the validity of lidar detection.It will lay the research foundation in the long-term observation of atmospheric temperature and the study of atmospheric temperature distribution,inversion layer structure and temperature in the cloud.

大气温度是大气物理、天气预报以及大气环境研究中一个重要的气象参数。激光雷达在大气温度探测精度和空间分辨率上的优势使其成为研究的热点。但纯转动拉曼激光雷达在对流层特别是边界层和云层中由于受到气溶胶散射信号的干扰，以及用探空数据进行定标的方法存在很多弊端，使得大气温度激光雷达的应用受到了很大的限制。我们提出了用大气振转拉曼谱线来反演大气温度的方法，该方法可以有效避免弹性散射信号的干扰，提高激光雷达的探测精度。同时提出了一种水平定标的方案，采用时间序列上的水平测量信号对激光雷达系统常数进行定标。通过对新的探测方法和标定方法的研究，提高激光雷达大气温度探测结果的可靠性和激光雷达的实用性。将激光雷达温度反演结果与微波辐射计、探空气球数据进行比较研究，证明激光雷达温度探测结果的特点，为采用激光雷对大气温度廓线进长期观测和大气温度分布，逆温层结构以及云内温度结构等研究提供新的探测手段并奠定研究基础。

大气温度是大气物理、天气预报以及大气环境研究中一个重要的气象参数。激光雷达在大气温度探测精度和空间分辨率上的优势使其成为研究的热点。我们提出了用大气振转拉曼谱线来反演大气温度的方法，该方法可以有效避免弹性散射信号的干扰，提高激光雷达的探测精度。同时提出了一种水平定标的方案，采用时间序列上的水平测量信号对激光雷达系统常数进行定标。通过对新的探测方法和标定方法的研究，提高激光雷达大气温度探测结果的可靠性和激光雷达的实用性。针对振转温度敏感度、晴朗天气和有云情况下测量精度的模拟计算、大气温度反演分析、定标常数的误差分析等进行了理论研究和分析。对比试验研究表明：激光雷达雷达和无线电探空仪测量的温度廓线表现了较好的一致性，在4km以下误差在1K左右。标定实验研究表明：系统常数a和b的整体变化基本上处于-1%~1%之间，所以平均偏差基本上趋于-3~3K之间。研究表明采用激光雷对大气温度廓线进长期观测和大气温度分布，逆温层结构以及云内温度结构等研究提供新的探测手段并奠定研究基础。