新入侵的松树蜂对我国主要松树种类的选择性与机制

A devastating international forestry quarantine pest, the Sirex woodwasp (Sirex noctilio) has been discovered to enter and colonize in Northeast region of China in 2013, severely damaging Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica forest stands and causing great loss. S. noctilio mainly damage pine species, however, its host range and preference level in China still remain unknown. Different from majority of wood borers which damage trees by boring into the wood, constituting with its fungal mutualist- Amylostereum areolatum and its venom mucus, S. noctilio has a special damaging system with multilayered biological interactions. With the theory of Semi empirical method and methods of Insect biology, Chemical ecology, Biochemistry as well as Molecular biology, the host preference and its mechanism of S. noctilio in China will be investigated from the following aspects: 1. host preference among major pine species in China, 2. relationship between its host preference and the anatomical structure, nutrient substances of different pine species after infection, 3. relationship between its host preference and the susceptibility of different pine species to the “insect-fungi-venom” damaging system. Our results will provide a key scientific theoretical basis for the monitoring, early warning and management of this forest pest.

松树蜂(Sirex noctilio)是一种国际性重大林业检疫害虫，2013年首次发现已传入并定殖于我国东北地区，严重危害樟子松林，造成巨大损失。松树蜂主要危害松属树种，在我国的潜在寄主范围与抗性差异尚不明确，严重制约针对性风险管理策略与技术产出。有别于一般钻蛀性害虫仅直接钻蛀树木造成危害，松树蜂具有特殊的“昆虫-共生真菌Amylostereum areolatum-毒素”复合致害能力。本项目以松树蜂为研究对象，应用半实证性研究方法，以昆虫生物学、化学生态学、生物化学、分子生物学为主要研究手段：重点研究1.松树蜂对我国主要松树种类的寄主选择性及化学生态机制，2.松树蜂寄主选择性与不同松树树种受侵染前后解剖结构和营养特征的变化关系，3. 松树蜂寄主选择性与不同松树树种对其毒素、共生真菌的抗性关系；最终揭示松树蜂对我国主要松树种类的选择性与机制，为松树蜂的有效监测预警和防控管理提供科学依据。

松树蜂(Sirex noctilio)是一种国际性重大林业检疫害虫，2013年首次发现已传入并定殖于我国东北地区，严重危害樟子松林，造成巨大损失。有别于一般钻蛀性害虫仅直接钻蛀树木造成危害，松树蜂具有特殊的“昆虫-共生真菌-毒素”复合致害能力。本项目以松树蜂为研究对象，应用半实证性研究方法，以昆虫生物学、化学生态学、生物化学、分子生物学为主要研究手段，明确了：1. 松树蜂对我国主要松树种类的寄主选择性与其化学挥发物特征、物理结构和优势内栖真菌的关系；2.松树蜂寄主适应性与其共生菌生物生态学特性及肠道微生物多样性的关系；3.不同松树树种对松树蜂毒素、共生菌抗性反应，探讨松树蜂毒素和共生菌对寄主植物的联合致害机制。预测了松树蜂在我国的潜在分区，为松树蜂的有效监测预警和防控管理提供科学依据。