植被混凝土生态防护基材微生物活性的变化机制与增强方法的研究

Substrate is the base of the artificial restored ecosystem and the carrier of biodiversity , to improve substrate's activizing function of ecological protection is the key to sustainable ecological protection works . The substrate which is composed of cement, soil, organic matter materials and vegetation-growing concrete green additives of typical vegetation-growing concrete ecological protection will be studied in this project. To aim at the problem that substrate's activity and fertility were not enough, this project is to analyze the impact of cement on the microbial community, to research the dynamic change of microbial community and its mechanism of action in substrate with degradation process of different organic materials, and separation, screening and identification of efficient predominant strains will be done. After pure culture and immobilization, the activizing strain faced to vegetation-growing concrete substrate is to be obtained . Using orthogonal design and pot experiment, the ability of composite strain improving the biological activity of the vegetation-growing concrete ecological protection substrate and influencing on substrate fertility sustainability and activation will be analyzed. By analyzing the interrelations of the composite strain with nutrient release and circulation, this project is to research the response of ecological protection substrate activation and the regulation of fertility variation, to examine the effect of the experiment result by practical application of demonstration plots, to reveal the activity enhancement mechanism of vegetation-growing concrete ecological protection substrate. This results will provide reference and scientific basis for improvement of the vegetation-growing concrete ecological protection substrate.

基材是人工恢复生态系统的基质与生物多样性的载体，提高生态防护基材活化功能是建立生态防护工程可持续的关键。本项目以由水泥、土壤、有机质物料、植被混凝土绿化添加剂等组成的典型植被混凝土生态防护基材为研究对象，针对其活性不够肥力不足问题，分析基材中水泥对微生物群落的影响，研究基材中不同有机质物料降解周转过程中微生物群落的动态变化及其作用机理，分离和筛选并鉴定其中高效优势菌株，经过纯种培养并固定化得到面向植被混凝土生态防护基材的活化菌株。采用正交设计及接种后盆栽试验，分析复合菌株提高植被混凝土生态防护基材生物活性的能力，分析高效优势菌株对基材肥力可持续性以及基材活性化影响。通过分析复合菌株与养分释放和循环的相互关系，研究生态防护基材活性化响应和肥力变化规律，结合示范样地检验试验成果的实际应用效果，揭示植被混凝土生态恢复基材活性增强机理，为植被混凝土生态防护基材的改良提供借鉴和科学依据。

基材是人工恢复生态系统的基质与生物多样性的载体，提高生态防护基材活化功能是建立生态防护工程可持续的关键。.本项目开展相关实验研究，包括植被混凝土样地基材肥力监测及其土壤微生物量和土壤酶等生物特征指标的时间变化动态，分析有机物料降解过程中土壤微生物量碳氮的变化规律。针对植被混凝土基材中的水泥这一特殊组分，评价植被混凝土基材中微生物活性对不同水泥含量的响应。分析已有的植被混凝土样地微生物群落结构，分离和筛选纤维素分解菌、固氮菌和解磷菌等高效优势菌株；提出微生物复合菌剂的制备方法，并结合盆栽试验分析菌剂施用量对基材肥力及狗牙根生长的影响，得出菌剂使用量的范围。 .研究结果表明：植被混凝土边坡土壤的肥力和土壤酶活性要高于天然林边坡土壤的肥力，人工基材中外加的部分物料有利于调节边坡土壤pH值，对pH值起到稳定作用，人工干扰对样地内的微生物群落结构影响较大。在添加有机物料情况下，植被混凝土基材的微生物量碳氮含量高低与有无植被密切相关，且随季节呈现波动变化。水泥的掺入不利于基材的生物活性指数的提高，但植物根系生长在一定程度上能够改良土壤生物活性，在既满足基材稳定性，又保证边坡土壤的微生物活性的情况下，6%-8%水泥含量是可行的。与非根际土壤相比，根际土壤微生物个体数量多且种群丰富。筛选出的纤维素分解菌、固氮菌和解磷菌等高效优势菌株制备的菌剂，能够在一定程度上提高基材中的养分含量，从养分的供给力和对植物的有效性双方面考虑，活化菌剂用量为基材质量的6%-9%时为最佳。.研究成果揭示了植被混凝土生态防护基材活性增强机理，为植被混凝土生态防护基材的改良提供借鉴和科学依据。.