沉积盆地油藏形成时期的伊利石定年研究

Study on Seperation and Dating of Illite in Petroliferous Basin.The smectite-to-illite transformation has close relation with sedimentation and thermal history of basins. So illite can indicate period of oil formation. Dating of authegenic illite is an important task. K/Ar method and 40Ar/39Ar method are often applied to illite dating. The contamination of detrital illite hinders the direct application of isotope ages. In order to separate authegenic illite from detrital, IAA and alkylammonium methods are performed in illite separating. Before using IAA method, the samples must be separated by size. XRD spectrum shows that the content of authegenic illite is high in fine sample and the detrital illite is the major component in coarse sample. Each age can be obtained respectively by K/Ar method. The above ages and the percentage of detrital illite have a linear relation. Authegenic and detrital ages can be calculated by extrapolation. Alkylammonium cations method is a new way to study the diagenetic age of sedimentary rocks. Alkylammonium cations can replace K cations in mica and illite stoichiometrically. Longer chain alkylammonium and more time replace more K cations than shorter chain and less time. Moreover, HRTEM observations indicate that the process is very selective: even in apparently homogenous illite or I/S, some crystals went opening and some remain unchanged. And the replacement of K cations by alkylammonium cations is not restricted to crystal edges, but extends to entire interlayer. The above facts are the basics of alkylammonium cations method applied to the diagenetic age of sedimentary rock. It is generally assumed that there are no preferential removal of K and radiogenetic Ar. A common opinion is that after alkylammonium treatment, it can be inferred that detrital components opened preferentially if K/Ar age decreases. Between diagenetic and detrital illites, alkylammonium reacts with detrital illite first. Some other approaches such as vacuum encapsulation are applied, which improve the effect of dating. Because the Argon's escape from authegenic and detrital illites take place under different temperatures, step heating method can separate two kinds of illites. Our work was based on the sedimentary rock from the Tarim Basin and the Tuha Basin. The results of seperation and dating were considerably good..

通过对酒西盆地成岩伊利石类粘土矿物的形成机制及与油气侵入事件关系的深入研究，采用K-Ar和Ar3Ar4定年分析，并结合流体包裹体及含氮化合物分析，确定油气成藏时期及运移途径，进一步探索和解决利用伊利石年龄分析确定油气成藏时期所遇到的实际和理论问题。这不仅具有重大的理论意义，而且对提高油气勘探目标选择的准确性和提高勘探成效意义重大。