带位相奇点电磁光束通过随机介质的传输特性和奇点光学新效应研究

The electromagnetic beam with phase singularities has attractive application prospects in the modern science and technology and becomes a hot research topic, because the propagation properties of the electromagnetic beam with phase singularities are affected greatly by the fine and complex structure of the wavefront dislocations and wavefront topology near the phase singularity in light field. In this project, the propagation properties and new effect in singular optics of the electromagnetic beams with singularities through random media are taken as the research object. Based on the generalized Huygens-Fresnel diffraction integral principle, the matrix optics and Stokes parameter methods etc., the propagation properties and the some new effects in singular optics including the evolution of phase singularities, singularity generation, annihilation and reconstruction of the electromagnetic beams with phase singularities through anisotropic non-Kolmogorov atmospheric turbulence and oceanic turbulence will be studied in detail. Solutions of these problems not only reveal the effect of the non-Kolmogorov atmospheric turbulence, oceanic turbulence and phase singularities on the electromagnetic beams and the evolution characteristics of the phase singularities embedded electromagnetic beam through random media, and enhance more comprehensive understanding to the propagation properties of electromagnetic beams, but also provide a theoretical basis for the application of electromagnetic beams in the atmospheric optical communication, oceanic optical communication, optical sensing and optical information processing.

带位相奇点的电磁光束由于其光波场位相奇点附近出现的波前位错和波前拓扑结构等光波场精细而复杂的结构对光束传输性质有很大的影响，在现代科学技术中有诱人的应用前景而成为当前一个研究热点。本项工作以带位相奇点电磁光束通过随机介质的传输特性和奇点光学新效应为研究对象，应用广义惠更斯-菲涅尔衍射积分原理、矩阵光学以及Stokes参数等方法，重点研究带位相奇点的电磁光束通过各向异性非Kolmogorov大气湍流和海洋湍流的传输特性和奇点光学新效应包括奇点的产生、湮灭、重建和演化等，揭示各向异性非Kolmogorov大气湍流、海洋湍流和位相奇点对电磁光束的影响，以及嵌入电磁光束的位相奇点通过随机介质的演化特性，从而加深对电磁光束的传输性质更全面的认识，为电磁光束在大气光通信、海洋光通信、光传感、光信息处理等应用提供理论基础。

本项工作应用广义惠更斯-菲涅尔衍射积分原理和湍流模型研究了高斯谢尔模涡旋光束通过各向异性非Kolmogorov大气湍的光强演化特性和奇点的产生、湮灭、重建，和相干涡旋的演化以及拓扑电荷守恒距离等奇点光学新效应，还研究了部分相干厄米高斯阵列光束通过海洋湍流的传输特性，揭示各向异性非Kolmogorov大气湍流、海洋湍流和位相奇点对电磁光束的影响，以及嵌入电磁光束的位相奇点通过随机介质的演化特性，为电磁光束在大气光通信、海洋光通信等应用提供理论基础。