甘蔗白叶病植原体的传播媒介及其传毒机理研究

Sugarcane white leaf disease（SCWL）is the first phytoplasma disease of sugarcane in China. It is a dangerous, important and new sugarcane disease which can cause destructive disaste to sugarcane and threaten sugarcane production in our country seriously. The transmitting vector of phytoplasma and its toxicity transmission mechanism is the basis and the key to the prevention and control of disease, and also the hot field of research at home and abroad currently. At the present, the transmitting vector of SCWL phytoplasma and its toxicity transmission mechanism is not clear in China, the prevention and control of SCWL lacks theoretical base and scientific basis. In this project, based on the previous working, molecular biology technology, the methods of light ensnaring and visual searching combined with the field investigation will be used to deeply study on the insect vector, the resistance of sugaecane cultivars and the toxin-carrying rate of seedling in the main SCWL occurrence regions of Yunnan.Through the collection and identification of insect vector and nested-PCR detection: we will analysis and confirm the insect vector of SCWL phytoplasma and its dominant populations; determination ananalysis the phytoplasma acquisition period, the phytoplasma retention time, the phytoplasma transmission period and the transmission efficiencies of the insect vector to reveal the vector effect of the insect vector and the influence on the incidence and epidemics of SCWL; establish the grading standard of resistant degree and evaluation method for SCWL, explore the influence of the resistance of sugarcane cultivars and toxin-carrying rate of seedling to the occurrence and epidemic of SCWL. The research results can enrich the relevant theories and technical basis of phytoplasma disease, and provide the theoretical guidance and scientific basis for SCWL effective control.

甘蔗白叶病是我国甘蔗上首个由植原体引起的危险性重要新病害，可对甘蔗造成毁灭性灾害，严重威胁着我国甘蔗生产。植原体的传播媒介及其传毒机理是病害防控的基础和关键，也是当前国内外研究的热点。目前，我国甘蔗白叶病植原体的传播媒介及其传毒机理不清，防控缺乏理论基础和科学依据。本项目拟在前期工作基础上，利用分子生物学技术、采用灯光诱捕与寻集法，结合田间实地调查，从云南甘蔗白叶病主要发生区的虫媒介体、甘蔗品种抗性、蔗种带毒率等层面进行深入研究，通过虫媒介体的采集鉴定和巢式PCR检测：分析明确甘蔗白叶病植原体的虫媒介体及优势种群；测定分析虫媒介体的获毒、持毒及传毒期和传毒效率，揭示虫媒介体的媒介作用及对病害发生流行的影响；建立甘蔗白叶病抗性级别分级标准及评价方法，探明甘蔗品种抗性及蔗种带毒率对病害发生流行的影响。研究结果可丰富植原体病害的相关理论和技术基础，并为甘蔗白叶病的有效防控提供理论指导和科学依据。

甘蔗白叶病是我国甘蔗上首个由植原体引起的危险性重要新病害，可对甘蔗造成毁灭性灾害，严重威胁着我国甘蔗生产。植原体的传播媒介及其传毒机理是病害防控的基础和关键。目前，我国甘蔗白叶病植原体（SCWL）的传播媒介及其传毒机理不清，防控缺乏理论基础和科学依据。本项目以甘蔗白叶病为研究对象，通过在云南甘蔗白叶病主要发生区进行广泛的田间实地调查，采用灯光诱捕与寻集法采集虫媒介体室内鉴定、结合巢式PCR（分子）检测技术鉴定，研究明确了大青叶蝉T. viridis 和条纹平冠沫蝉C. conifer两种昆虫介体是SCWL植原体的自然携带者；进而通过进一步深入系统研究和测定，明确了云南省甘蔗白叶病发病蔗区SCWL植原体传播媒介主要是带毒蔗种，研究结果为制定适用于甘蔗白叶病的综合防控措施提供了理论指导；明确了不同甘蔗品种、不同植期SCWL的发病规律，探明了甘蔗品种抗性及蔗种带毒率对病害发生流行的影响，为甘蔗抗病品种的评价筛选和抗性分级标准的制定提供了科学依据；依据田间自然发病调查和SCWL植原体检测结果，研究建立了1-5级甘蔗白叶病抗病性评价分级标准和抗病性鉴定评价方法，为抗白叶病育种提供了关键技术；明确了云南西盟蔗区发现的甘蔗病害为16SrXI-B亚组植原体引起的甘蔗白叶病。研究结果丰富了植原体病害的相关理论和技术基础，并为甘蔗白叶病的有效防控提供了理论指导。.项目执行期间发表相关研究论文5篇，其中SCI论文3篇、国内1级核心刊物2篇；获国家发明专利6项，国际专利2项(澳大利亚革新专利），国家软著作权登记1项；制定颁布地方标准1项。1人入选2018 年云南省万人计划-云岭产业技术领军人才，1人入选2020年云南省创新人才培养对象、2人晋升副研究员，2人考上博士。