区域特殊环境下高铁前风挡玻璃受侵蚀力学行为与损伤机理研究

The western and central Inner Mongolia is located in the severe cold areas and intensive ultraviolet environment, it is also the high activity region of sandstorm. The train windshield in this region was seriously eroded by long-term combined effects of special natural environment, which had a seriously influence on its durability and safety. The research background of this project is based on the intensive ultraviolet, severe cold and sandstorm environment of this region, and the PVB tempered-laminated glass of the train windshield is studied. The basic optical performance, mechanical properties and resistance to environmental aging of tempered laminated glass are analyzed, and damage rules about optical and resistance to environmental aging properties of tempered-laminated glass will be discovered through the corrosion tests that tempered-laminated glass are corroded under single and combined actions of intensive ultraviolet environment and freeze-thaw cycles;The erosion simulation system of sandstorm is utilized to study the erosion of tempered-laminated glass which is corroded by intensive ultraviolet environment and freeze-thaw cycles, and the inner relationship between the erosion weight loss and different erosion-mechanical parameters will be studied. With the combination of the digital image correlation experiment method、Hertz contact theory analysis and finite element simulation, the mechanics behaviors are studied, such as the contact force of the tempered-laminated glass eroded by sand particles、deformation filed and strain-stress distribution rules. The damage mechanism of tempered-laminated glass will be analyzed by the observation of its surface erosion damage morphology. The results of the study will provide a basis for the design, application and protection for tempered laminated glass in this region.

内蒙古中西部地处严寒区和强紫外光环境，且是风沙高活动区域，特殊自然环境长期复合作用对在该地区运行列车的风挡玻璃造成严重侵蚀，使其耐久性和安全性下降。本项目以该地区强紫外光、严寒和风沙特殊区域自然环境为研究背景，针对列车前风挡PVB钢化夹层玻璃进行研究。分析钢化夹层玻璃的基本光学、力学和耐环境老化性能，通过对钢化夹层玻璃在强紫外光照射和冻融循环单一和双重因素复合作用的侵蚀试验，探明其光学和耐环境老化性能的损伤规律；利用模拟风沙环境侵蚀实验系统对受强紫外光和冻融循环侵蚀前后的钢化夹层玻璃进行冲蚀试验，研究其冲蚀磨损量与不同冲蚀力学参数的内在关系；结合数字图像相关实验、Hertz接触理论和有限元模拟，研究其受风沙冲蚀作用下的接触动力、变形场、应力应变场分布规律等力学行为；并通过分析其表面冲蚀损伤微观形貌，揭示其在侵蚀前后受风沙冲蚀的损伤机理。研究结果将为夹层风挡玻璃的设计、应用和防护提供依据。

内蒙古中西部处在我国风沙高活动区的中心地段，且该地区辐照高原强紫外光，加之又位于我国的严寒区，复杂区域特殊自然环境对该地区的高铁风挡玻璃等基础设施侵蚀严重，造成其耐久性和安全性下降。本项目基于该地区紫外光环境、严寒气候和风沙环境与工程实际背景，研究钢化夹层玻璃在紫外光照射和冻融循环作用下的侵蚀失效过程，以及其侵蚀前后受风沙环境冲蚀的力学行为及损伤机理等。经过多年的系统研究，取得重要结果：分析总结出该地区的紫外光、严寒和风沙等区域特殊环境主要特征；测定得到了钢化玻璃的基本光学、力学和耐环境老化性能；通过紫外光照射和冻融循环的单一和双重因素复合作用侵蚀试验得到钢化玻璃质量损失、微观形貌和光学性能损失等侵蚀规律；利用模拟风沙环境侵蚀实验系统对受紫外光照射和冻融循环复合作用侵蚀后的钢化玻璃进行冲蚀试验研究，应用扫描电镜和激光共聚焦显微镜等分析得到其冲蚀损伤的微观形貌特征及损伤机理；通过Hertz接触理论、断裂力学理论和有限元程序LS-DYNA数值模拟相结合研究出了钢化玻璃受风沙流粒子冲击的接触动力和应力应变场分布规律等冲蚀力学行为，通过数字图像相关实验得到了冲击荷载作用下的变形场、应变场分布规律。另就钢化玻璃在自然暴露下的侵蚀规律进行了探索性研究，取得了一定的研究成果。研究结果可为该地区风挡玻璃的设计、应用和防护提供依据。相关研究结果在国内外发表（录用）学术论文17篇，其中EI检索9篇，高质量期刊T1级2篇、T2级4篇、T3级4篇；发明专利2项（授权1项、实审1项）、授权实用新型专利1项、软著5项。.此外，通过项目资助，加强了研究团队建设，出版专著1部、培养青年教师3人（获博士学位1人、在读博士2人），培养博士生2人、硕士生9人（毕业6人、在读3人），有5篇学位论文获学校优秀硕士学位论文。项目负责人获自治区青年创新人才奖、自治区青年科技奖，入选了自治区草原英才、自治区高校青年科技领军人才。