多孔石墨烯复合物构建高灵敏农药检测的酶生物传感器研究

The residue of pesticides pose a very potential hazard to human health,so rapid and sensitive determination of pesticides have become of great importance. Amperometric acetylcholinesterase biosensors based on the inhibition of cholinesterase enzyme are sensitive and rapid approach for detection of organophosphorus and carbamate pesticides.The three-dimensional porous graphene-polymers composite materials,with the large specific surface area,excellent electrical conductivity and biocompatibility,based electrochemical biosensors are developed,which are helpful in increasing the surface loading of the target enzyme molecules,promoting the electron transfer between target molecule and electrodes,decreasing the overvoltage and improving sensitivity and stability.By studying of micro-structure of the modified electrodes,the acting mode between the porous graphene nanocomposite and enzyme and the relation to the performance of the biosensor,we will construct hign sensitive,rapidly response electrodes, which will provide theory base and technology support for the application of the electrodes in field of rapid detection of pesticides residue.

农药残留严重威胁着人们的身体健康，因此对其进行快速灵敏检测具有重要意义。利用酶抑制原理的生物传感器是有机磷和氨基甲酸酯类农药检测的有效便捷途径。本项目将利用三维多孔石墨烯-聚合物复合材料的大比表面积、高导电性和良好的生物相容性等优点，结合电化学传感器灵巧和便捷的特点，构建电流型乙酰胆碱酯酶生物传感器。实现酶在电极上高负载、高分散，减小底物与酶反应产生的电子在电极界面的传递电阻，提高酶传感器的响应速度，降低检测过电位，提高检测的灵敏度；利用多孔石墨烯复合物构织的微环境，提高酶的稳定性和使用寿命。研究多孔石墨烯复合物修饰电极微结构及其与酶的作用方式和传感器性能的关系，构建出高灵敏度、响应快的农药检测电极，为这类电极在快速农药残留检测领域提供理论基础和技术支撑。

农药残留严重威胁着人们的身体健康，因此对其进行快速灵敏检测具有重要意义。本项目制备了三种石墨烯及其复合材料：①电化学活化的多孔氧化石墨烯；②电化学活化的多孔氧化石墨烯/碳纳米管复合物；③石墨烯/聚苯胺复合薄膜，并将它们用于电流型乙酰胆碱酯酶生物传感器的构建，进一步用于真实样品中农药残留的检测。方法简单、绿色，制备的生物传感器具有灵敏度高、稳定性好、检出限低、重现性好等优点，这将为石墨烯在电化学传感器、生物传感器等领域的发展提供新的技术和思路，为农药残留速测问题的解决提供一种新的方法。