基于伤寒学证治本体分析的辨证要素系统研究

Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is characterized by the so-called "treatment based on syndrome differentiation". However, the fact that there were a mass of approaches (but not a standard one) to clinical diagnosis has largely impeded on the standardization of syndrome-oriented treatment in the TCM. To address this issue, the project reflects on past attempts to unite and standardize the ways in syndrome differentiation and treatment, successful or not, to draw out a more systematic and standardized approach embracing the key elements in syndrome diagnosis and treatment differentiation. Take Theory on exogenous febrile disease, by illustrating how to classify different symptoms and the corresponding treatment of exogenous febrile disease and setting up a classification framework for the disease with a broad perspective (taking into consideration the cause of the disease, the position of the body being affected, the onset and development of the disease etc.), the article indicates a comprehensive solution in standardizing syndrome diagnosis and treatment differentiation for all diseases. The classification activity is conducted on the principle of diagnosis in TCM which looks at the cause of a disease, the position of the body that the disease appears, the onset and the development of the disease and the seriousness of the disease. It also relies on an ontological analysis over the interrelationship between each element in the diagnosis principle. In this sense, the project exemplifies how to establish a standardized method of syndrome diagnosis and treatment differentiation with regards to all diseases whether it be Febrile and Miscellaneous Diseases, Epidemic Febrile Diseases or Cold Pathogenic Diseases on the principle of syndrome diagnosis.

摘要（400字）： 在中医辨证论治特色的后面，历代存在着辨证方法繁多不一的缺憾，这正严重制约了当今中医辨证论治规范化的发展进程。对此，本课题总结以往对中医辨证方法统一性与规范化研究的正反经验，确定从病因、病位、病机与病势四维一体的审证原则出发，以经典伤寒学证治分类体系为样本，运用基于对证治内容的本体分析方法，试行探讨中医辨证要素的系统化提取方法，构建立体化的伤寒学证候分类框架，为进一步建立经典辨证纲领的完整证素体系、统一寒温内外诸病的辨证方法，提供一种可行而有效的研究方法。

中文摘要：. 辨证论治作为中医诊疗的一大特色，背后却存在着辨证方法未能统一的缺憾。面对中医病种分类并不成熟，临证因“病种不明，则辨证纲领无从选择”的尴尬，尤其随疾病谱变更，内外夹杂、寒温相兼的杂病日趋增多的趋势，原有的任何一种辨证方法都难以全面应付纷繁多样的临床实例，故更需要一种能够融汇寒温内外各家之学的一体化辨证模式，从而有力推动中医辨证论治的规范进程。. 课题本着沟通经典辨证纲领、统一辨证诊断分类、提高临床诊治杂病能力的精神，系统开展了伤寒学的病证分类学研究。1.在其文献知识的系统整理上，运用网络、数据库等现代信息技术与手段，对其证治内容进行了系统收集与规范分类，形成了伤寒学病证分类纲目汇编；2.从病因、病位、病机与病势四维一体的分证原理出发，运用现代信息学本体分析手段，以辨证要素研究为突破口，较系统全面地梳理挖掘出蕴含证治内容之中的辨证要素集合，并明确相互的归属关系，得出伤寒学辨证要素的系统化结构框架；3.欲在计算机上实现证治内容数字化、结构化、智能化的存储与检索。.    基于上述成果，则可进一步设计出即容纳已有的经典内容，还可拓展后世发展的立体化证治分类框架体系，为建立一种基于辨证要素体系为纲目、能够融合寒温内外诸病辨证的统一分类方法，探索一种基本方法和研究模式。