合成孔径雷达高度计波形精准建模与自适应重跟踪研究

In recent years, Synthetic aperture radar altimeters emerged and provided new technical solutions for marine environmental safety monitoring. The modeling and processing of waveform data is a key link in the development of marine products, and it is also a core link to ensure product quality. This project aims at solving a series problems, such as the poor accuracy of the existing echo model and the inaccuracy of the retracking algorithm model in the altimeter radar altimeter, and studies a waveform modeling method and a high-accuracy adaptive retracking method for the altimeter data. Firstly, based on the establishment of high-precision historical distance, the research builds a high-precision echo model. Then, a high-precision self-adaptive waveform retracking model is constructed based on deep learning. After that, The waveform processing system is then developed. Finally, a waveform data processing accuracy evaluation system is established through demonstration. The research contents mainly include: (1) Modeling accurate model of sea surface echo for this synthetic aperture altimeter; (2) Constructing adaptive echo model of sea surface echo retracking; (3) Simulation design of synthetic aperture radar altimeter waveform processing system; (4) Accuracy Analysis and Evaluation for the Synthetic Aperture Radar Altimeter Waveform Processing System . This project not only has important theoretical and practical values for the study of marine dynamic environment and the construction of marine high-precision gravity field models, but also the research results can be used in the field of polar ice cap change monitoring and other fields.

近年出现的合成孔径雷达高度计为海洋环境安全监测提供了新的技术手段，其波形数据的建模与处理是开发海洋产品的关键环节，也是保证产品质量的核心环节。本项目针对合成孔径雷达高度计现有回波模型精度差、重跟踪算法模型不准确等系列问题，研究一种合成孔径雷达高度计波形精准建模和高精度自适应重跟踪方法。首先在建立高精度历史距离的基础上研究构建高精度回波模型；随后基于深度学习构建高精度的自适应波形重跟踪模型；进而研制开发波形处理系统；最后通过示范建立波形数据处理精度评价体系。研究内容主要包括: （1）建模合成孔径高度计海面回波精准模型；（2）构建海面回波自适应重跟踪理论模型；（3）合成孔径雷达高度计波形处理系统的仿真设计；（4）合成孔径雷达高度计波形处理系统精度分析评价体系。本项目不仅对海洋动力环境研究和海洋高精度重力场模型构建等具有重要的理论和实际价值，而且研究成果也可用于两极冰盖变化监测等领域。

海洋合成孔径雷达高度计是海洋环境监测领域的重要传感器，为监测海面高及其变化、重力场的精细结构将发挥重要作用。但该类型高度计波形数据处理是开发海洋产品的关键环节，与产品的质量直接相关。本项目针对合成孔径雷达高度计现有回波模型精度差、重跟踪算法模型不准确等系列问题，研究了一种合成孔径雷达高度计波形精准建模和高精度自适应重跟踪方法。首先在建立高精度历史距离的基础上研究构建高精度回波模型；随后将回波模型应用到波形数据处理，构建了平均海面高模型。该模型精度优于3cm，与国际现有水平相当。进而基于海面高模型，反演得到重力异常模型，并通过多源数据的融合算法，加入机载重力测量数据，进行海底地形反演，经测试，海底地形模型相对精度约为7%。本项目不仅对海洋动力环境研究和海洋高精度重力场模型构建等具有重要的理论和实际价值，而且研究成果也可用于两极冰盖变化监测等领域。