深部高应力岩石自蓄能微观结构机理及扰动响应特征

This study focus on the high stress phenomenon（rock burst, rock core discing）of the deep hard rock. With the application of rock fabric and energy theory, the essential problems of rock mechanics were discussed from the perspective of geology. The microscopic mechanism of locked in stress and energy storage in deep rock under high stress were investigated. The energy release mechanism and the rock mechanics response characteristics of energy storage rock under the mining disturbance were studied. Based on the rock microfabric characteristics experiments, the relationships between the intrinsic characteristics and microstructure of the rock can be established, the generation mechanism of locked in stress can be analyzed through the deformation compatibility of the microstructure and deformation in rock, and the connection between locked in stress and energy storage can be built. Then, a series of rock mechanics tests were carried out to study the relationship among the strength of locked in stress, the energy storage levels and the macroscopic mechanical behaviors of the rock. Through mining-induced mechanics experiments, the response characteristics of energy storage rock under engineering disturbance were studied. The energy conversion and release mechanism of self-energizing rock in the process of rock damage and fracturing were explicated. Finally, the microscopic mechanism of locked in stress and energy conversion mechanism for the self-energizing rock with high stress were revealed.

以深部硬岩中的岩爆、岩芯饼化等高应力现象为背景，借助岩石组构学和能量理论的研究方法，从地质学视角来讨论岩石力学的地质本质性问题，研究深部高应力岩石应力封闭及蓄能的微观机制，以及扰动影响下自蓄能岩石力学响应特征和能量释放特性。以岩石显微组构特征实验研究为基础，建立岩石内禀特性与岩石微观结构的相关关系，从岩石微观结构形变非相容性角度分析岩石封闭应力的产生机制，并沟通岩石封闭应力和能量蓄积之间的联系；采用岩石力学实验方法，研究岩石应力封闭强度和蓄能水平与宏观力学行为的相关性；设计采动岩石力学实验，研究自蓄能岩石对工程扰动作用的力学响应特征，并从能量角度分析自蓄能岩石损伤破裂的能量转化与释放过程机制；最终揭示深部高应力岩石蓄能微观机理以及自蓄能岩石能量扰动释放特性。

以深部岩体蓄能机制和扰动失稳为研究背景，借助岩石组构学和能量理论的研究方法，以微观角度讨论岩石力学的地质本质性问题，系统的研究深部高应力岩石自蓄能微观结构机理及扰动响应特征。本项目主要开展的研究工作包括：首先，是以岩石显微组构特征实验研究为基础，建立岩石内禀特性与岩石微观结构的相关关系，从岩石微观结构形变非相容性角度分析岩石能量蓄积机制；其次，是以原位岩体释能过程分析为切入点，通过对不同蓄能水平下岩石受载变形破坏特征和破坏模式的分析，建立了考虑峰后应力跌落特征的硬岩损伤本构模型，揭示了细观组构差异和宏观力学环境对岩石蓄能状态的影响机制，并从能量角度分析蓄能岩石损伤破裂的能量转化与释放过程机制；再次，通过设计采动岩石力学实验，研究蓄能岩石冲击危险性及其对工程扰动作用的响应特征，明确了岩石成为“高能体”并形成岩爆等冲击灾害的基本条件；最终，通过对工程区域地应力场的反演，识别并分析开采扰动效应下应力异常区特征，深入探究了邻近断层区域的开采扰动效应,为深地工程中高应力岩体的失稳预测和灾害防治提供理论依据，进而为深部资源安全高效开采提供科学研究手段。