基于广义空间映射法的小型化与跳频多工器技术

In the modern military and commercial communication systems, multiplexer is a key component which realizes that an antenna can be used by two or more transmitters or receivers, it is significant to reduce the number of antennas and improve the communication quality. Conventional microwave multiplexer has many disadvantages, such as huge volume, limited channels, slow tuning rate, single operating mode and long design period, which restricts the channel extending and arrangement simplification of microwave system. Since the communication has become complicated and software defined radio has achieved great development, it’s urgent to investigate the size-reducing and adaptive frequency-hopping technology of multiplexer. In this project, we have a deep research in the circuit synthesis theory and structure design method of microwave multiplexer, making use of the generalized space mapping method and parameter-extracting technology, which can resolve the computer-aided design and tuning，miniaturized and fast frequency-hopping problem of multiplexer,it mainly includes: (1) Generalized space-mapping method and circuit synthesis theory for microwave multiplexer;(2)Parameter extraction and computer-aided tuning technology for microwave multiplexer;(3) Miniaturized multiplexer based on multi-mode, multi-band, multi-layer and lossy technology;(4) Frequency-hopping multiplexer based on Reconfigurable and electronically tunable technology.

在现代军事和民用通信系统中，多工器是实现多部收发信机共用一部天线的关键部件，对于减少天线数量和提高通信质量具有重要意义。传统的微波多工器往往体积庞大、通道数紧张、调谐速度慢，工作模式简单、设计周期漫长，成为制约微波系统通道扩展和布局简化的瓶颈。随着通信系统的日趋复杂和软件无线电的日益发展，亟需研究多工器的尺寸紧缩与自适应跳频技术。本项目采用广义空间映射法与参数提取技术，深入研究微波多工器的电路综合理论和结构设计方法，力图解决多工器的机辅设计与调试、小型化和快速跳频问题，主要研究内容包括：（1）微波多工器的广义空间映射法与电路综合理论；（2）微波多工器的参数提取和机辅调试技术；（3）基于多模、多频、多层和有耗技术的小型化多工器；（4）基于可重构和电调技术的跳频微波多工器。

微波多工器是实现多部收发信机共用一部天线的关键器件，对于减少天线数量和提高通信质量具有重要意义。随着通信系统的日趋复杂和软件无线电的日益发展，亟需研究多工器的尺寸紧缩与自适应跳频技术。本项目基于广义空间映射与参数提取方法，探索微波多工器的快速综合理论与机辅设计和调试方法，深入研究各种小型化与跳频多工器的实现技术。在广义空间映射法方面，首次将混合拓扑结构引入双工器设计，完成了含有非谐振点的双工器、三工器的快速综合，将矢量拟合或柯西法等参数提取技术分别与渐进空间映射法相结合，并提出一种改进的双工器有理模型提取方法，实现了多工器的高效机辅调试算法和综合软件。在小型化多工器方面，提出了枝节加载双端短路谐振器、短路阶梯阻抗双频谐振器、嵌套环四频谐振器、枝节加载四模谐振器、缝隙阶梯阻抗枝节加载谐振器、十字形三模公共谐振器、基片集成波导双模谐振器等紧凑型滤波单元，设计了数十种小型化与高性能多工器结构，并进行了大量的实验验证。在跳频多工器方面，提出了开关时延线可重构谐振器、枝节加载可调多模谐振器、双层可调谐振器、双模折叠双环可调谐振器、旋片电容可调谐振器、悬置带线可调谐振器等可重构滤波单元，结合星点式自适应匹配网络、公共谐振腔腔、多头线及耳蜗式合路匹配网络，解决了复杂多工器的快速电调与智能合路问题，研制了超短波多路耦合器原理样机，发表学术论文48篇，授权发明专利10项，为军用和民用通信系统的集成滤波及跳频合路技术研究提供了理论与实验参考。