青藏高原积雪和冻土的被动微波遥感监测研究

The snow storage on the Tibet plateau always is dramatically overestimated in the all kinds of snow products that obtained from remote sensing data, because the snow cover and frozen soil have the same spectrum characteristics in the microwave band. This research improved those algorithms that overestimate the snow depth and (or) snow water equivalent (SWE). After comparison of observation data, the result have shown that the algorithm by modified the A. T. C. Chang's algorithm can estimate the snow depth and SWE on the Tibet plateau. On the other hand, based on the scatter index, polarization index, and other discrimination criterions, we developed a model to distinguish the dry snow cover, frozen ground, cold-desert region and other scatterers. In fact, this model has accounted for the phenomenon of different objects with the same spectrum in the microwave band. After this study, we accumulated daily SSM/I data from 1991 to 2002, and daily observation data of snow and frozen soil in a more time series. Based on this research, some reliable data products about the snow cover area, snow depth, frozen/thaw boundary and duration on the Tibetan plateau will be obtained in a long time series, it is important. However, this research is a foundational work to long-term monitor the cryosphere and to simulate the interaction of cryosphere and climate system.

利用被动微波遥感资料SSM/I监测青藏高原积雪和冻土，改进或研制适合于高海拔多年冻土厍难┖投惩敛问崛∷惴ā＠枚嘈畔ⅲˋVHRR和SMM/I）融合技术和空间分析方法，解鲅┖投惩猎谖⒉ǘ蔚囊煳锿孜侍猓岣咚惴ň取Ｌ崛』┓段А⒀┥睢⒍橙诜段А⒍橙诳己徒崾奔洹⒍橙谄诘炔问橙推蛳低诚嗷プ饔媚Ｐ吞峁┎问