EAST上离子回旋共振加热产生的快离子对等离子体旋转影响的实验研究

Plasma rotation can have a beneficial effect on plasma stability and confinement. However, in ITER, NBI is not expected to provide much external momentum. Recently, Minority Heating in the Ion Cyclotron Range of Frequency (ICRF) has been observed to alter the bulk plasma rotation in existing tokamaks, e.g. in JET, Alcator C-Mod and EAST. So far none of the proposed theoretical models have been able to explain satisfactorily the experimental observations on different machines taken as a whole. The mechanism behind the rotation is not yet well understood. It is therefore of interest to investigate in more detail the origin of the plasma rotation. The aim of the proposal is to shed more light on the relevant physics of plasma rotation in ICRF heated plasma on EAST tokamaks, through a combination of further experimental work and advances in the theoretical understanding. The results will be compared with existing theories using existing modelling tools (ORBITRFC, TORIC, ONETWO, ...). Further investigation and extension of an EAST database on Plasma rotation in ICRF heated plasmas will then be undertaken.We will focus here on fast ions effect on plasma rotation in ICRF heated plasma. The mechanism for fast-ion-induced toroidal plasma rotation in the absence of external momentum input will be examined in detail with the aim at clarifying the physical processes involved. This proposal work based on EAST could provide a useful contribution to the toroidal plasma rotation in existing tokamak and ITER.

等离子体旋转在等离子体稳定性和约束上起着重要作用。然而在ITER上，中性束将难以提供足够的外部动量。近年来，在现有的装置（JET, Alcator C-Mod和EAST）上观察到ICRF少子加热可以驱动等离子体旋转。但到目前为止，还没有一个很好的模型能解释所有ICRF少子加热驱动旋转的实验现象，其根本原因还不清楚，因此，有必要进一步探索ICRF少子加热驱动旋转的物理机制。本项目就是从这方面入手，通过实验和理论模拟相结合的方法在EAST上开展ICRF少子加热驱动旋转的机制研究。将基于现有的模拟工具（ORBITRFC,TORIC，ONETWO等），通过实验结果与现有理论的比较，进一步分析和扩展EAST上ICRH驱动旋转的数据库。重点研究在ICRF加热的等离子体中快离子对等离子体旋转的影响，理解ICRH生成的快离子驱动旋转的物理过程和产生机制。本项目的研究成果将为ITER和现有装置提供有益参考。

离子回旋加热是未来反应堆上一种有效的直接加热离子的方式，其产生的高能离子可以驱动等离子体转动，是未来聚变堆上一种潜在的驱动方法，本项目针对这个问题进行了深入的研究。项目组完成了预期的研究内容和目标。首先，完成了TORIC和ORBITRF的耦合，分析了离子回旋共振加热产生的少子的分布及其产生的旋转的大小；从实验上，获得离子回旋共振少数离子加热的功率沉积分布和能量约束特性等，实验结果显示单独离子回旋波加热的等离子体符合国际托卡马克L模约束定标率，表明国际托卡马克定标率适用于EAST，支持这一定标率的可靠性。在低杂波电流驱动背景下，观测到离子回旋波驱动反电流方向的旋转。