微/纳尺度下碳纳米管光机电耦合性能研究

The unique phenomena derived from low-dimensional nanomaterials including size and quantum effect, interfacial effect, coupling effect under a localized field and foreign field and complex interaction between atoms and molecules have enabled them with a variety of amazing coupled physicochemical properties, which may provide new principles and strategies to design and fabricate novel functional composite materials and devices. Carbon nanotube is a typical one-dimensional electronic nanomaterial, whose hollow structure and tunable structure-dependent mechanical, electrical and optical properties make it an ideal model to deeply explore and understand the multiphysics coupled effects at the nanoscale. As a result, by utilizing our home-made near-field multifunctional scanning probe microscopic system, with individual tubes and their fiber assemblies as targets, we will make a comparative study on their electromechanical and optoelectronic properties under different scales and induced fields, and comprehensively understand the effects of tube structures, assembly morphology and surface properties on these coupled phenomena. It's hoped that this project will help to offer useful strategies for designing and fabricating carbon nanotube based flexible functional devices and textiles, for applications in optoelectronic or electromechanical conversion.

纳尺度下的量子效应、界面效应、局域场与外场的耦合效应以及原子和分子间复杂的相互作用使得低维纳米材料可呈现出多种奇特的多物理耦合性质，这些功能特性的发现将为新型纳功能器件和智能材料的设计与发展提供了新的原理与思路。碳纳米管是一类典型的低维电子材料，其特有的中空结构和结构可调制的力学、电学、光学等性能，是深入研究和理解纳尺度多场耦合特性理想的研究对象。为此，我们将以自研制的扫描近场多功能探针系统为基本研究手段，以超长单根碳纳米管与碳纳米管纤维为研究对象，比较研究不同尺度下局域场或外场诱导的碳纳米管的机/电和光/电耦合特性；探讨碳纳米管结构、聚集态及表面改性对其光/机/电耦合性能的影响，以期为具有机电、光电能量转化的碳纳米管柔性器件与织物的开发、设计与加工提供依据。

纳尺度下的量子效应、界面效应、局域场与外场的耦合效应以及原子和分子间复杂的相互作用使得低维纳米材料可呈现出多种奇特的多物理耦合性质，这些功能特性的发现将为新型纳功能器件和智能材料的设计与发展提供了新的原理与思路。碳纳米管是一类典型的低维电子材料，其特有的中空结构和结构可调制的力学、电学、光学等性能，是深入研究和理解纳尺度多场耦合特性理想的研究对象。..本项目旨在研究碳纳米管在纳、微尺度下的光机电耦合性能，探索碳纳米管结构及局域外场存在对其功能特性的调制关系，进一步开拓了碳纳米管在新型智能化材料及相关器件等方面的应用。经过四年的研究，本项目取得的成果主要包括：1）研究了碳纳米管与能级匹配的半导体间的光机电耦合机制，获得了高转换率的光伏器件、压电器件以及可调制的发光器件；2）研究了碳纳米管纤维的力电热耦合行为，为开发环境刺激响应型智能器件打下了一定基础；3）发展了碳纳米管宏观组装体的电化学表面改性的方法，为开发高性储能器件奠定了一定的基础；4）开发了柔性可编织光伏和忆阻器等器件；5）在碳纳米管纤维和薄膜量化制备以及织物编织方面取得了较大的进展。