基于芳香两亲性分子的刺激响应纳米结构及其应用的研究

The basic science plays a key role in creating new materials which is important in the growth of the technology. Therefore, basic and deep understanding about the structure and characteristics of new materials in the molecular level is required. A key feature of this research will be the preparation of stimuli responsive nanostructures including capsules, tubules and porous sheets, with well-defined shape and size, which are formed by self-assembly of rationally designed organic building blocks. These supramolecular nanostructures will feature their own unique nano-structures and physical properties..We have explored self-assembled nanostructures based on aromatic amphiphiles. These nanostructures includes layers, columns, bi-continuous cubic and discrete bundles in bulk state and spherical micelles, short or long cylinders, vesicles, superhelix, tubes, barrels, rings, ribbons, porous capsules in aqueous solutions. Especially, we have also demonstrated that the aqueous nanostructures are able to respond to external stimuli such as temperature, pH and hydrophobic guests, suggesting stimuli responsive nanostructures. .Based on our previous research results, we can design the molecular building block rationally for self-assembly and we can predict the self-assembly behavior in aqueous solution. In order to develop molecular building block efficiently, we will utilize Microwave-Assisted Organic Synthesis (MAOS) technique which can decrease organic reaction time dramatically. Then, target molecules designed rationally and synthesized efficiently can be studied for self-assembled nanostructure through UV/FL/CD spectra and TEM/AFM study. Finally, we are able to develop the functionality and application of well-defined nanostructure, such as reaction pump, guest molecule encapsulation, chiral separation, and nanofilter.

在创造对科技增长有重要作用的新型材料的过程中基础科学起到了关键性的作用，因此，对新物质在分子水平上的结构和特点的基本和深入的理解十分重要。本项研究的特色就是制备精心设计的刺激响应性的纳米结构，包括胶束、纳米管、多孔平面结构。我们已经开发了基于芳香性两亲分子的自组装纳米结构，在体相中这些结构可以形成平面片层、柱和分散胶束，而在水溶液中则形成球形小囊泡、管、环、条带以及多孔囊泡等结构。特别的是，这些水溶液中的纳米结构能对外界刺激如温度，pH，疏水客体等具有响应性。基于我组以前的研究结果，我们可以设计自组装分子构筑单元并预测其在水溶液中的自组装行为。为了有效的开发分子构筑单元，我们利用微波辅助有机合成技术减少反应时间。而后，我们对目标分子进行紫外、荧光、圆二色谱、TEM和AFM等方法进行研究。最后，我们能够使这些精心设计的纳米结构实现功能化及应用，例如反应泵、客体分子的掺杂、手性分离等。

在各种自组装结构中，基于刚性芳族链段和柔性聚醚段的两亲分子是创造良好性能的超分子结构候选物。通常，油水两亲芳香化合物的极性溶剂自组装行为是由亲水性链包围刚性疏水段。有趣的是，这些具有各向异性的分子在面对微妙的环境变化时，其排列可以迅速转变为平衡状态。在不影响其固有功能的前提下，动态改变自组装形貌的是超分子研究重要目标之一。因此，芳香族构筑基元为形成所需的动态结构自组提供一个很好的路径.