Aluminum is to restrict the main factors of crop production in acid soils. Grape as aluminum not resistant plants, in order to reduce the aluminum toxicity of the harm, the most direct and effective way is breeding aluminum tolerant cultivars and carry out aluminum tolerance screening and aluminum tolerance evaluation is the foundation of aluminum resistance breeding. Therefore, the project using twenty-five different grape germplasm originated in Yunnan Province as materials, to determine morphological and physiological indices after aluminum treatment, and using principal component analysis, membership functions and cluster analysis method for aluminum tolerance identification, to build up resistance to aluminum screening, identification index system and evaluation method, and establish the optimal regression equation, so that the prediction of the resistance of grape germplasm is more simple and convenient. Selected the strongest aluminum tolerant genotypes not only can be directly used for the production, but also can be used as aluminum tolerance breeding. In addition, screening out of aluminum tolerance is the strongest and the weakest genotypes, starting from differentially expressed genes, by cDNA AFLP technology for aluminum tolerance associated TDFS. Through gene expression analysis, isolation and cloning of aluminum tolerance expressed cDNA fragments, and adopts the technology of the race for resistant aluminium effect gene full-length sequence, for next step using genetic engineering to obtain the aluminum resistant grape cultivars to lay the foundation, which the grapes resistant aluminum genetic improvement is of great significance.
铝是制约酸性土壤中作物生产的主要因素,葡萄为不耐铝植物,为降低铝毒对其危害,最直接有效的方法是选育耐铝品种,而开展耐铝性状筛选和耐铝性评价是耐铝育种的基础。为此,本项目以云南省25份不同来源的葡萄种质为材料,通过铝处理后测定相关的形态和生理指标,并采用主成分分析、隶属函数和聚类分析法进行耐铝性鉴定,以期建立耐铝性筛选、鉴定指标及评价方法,并建立最优回归方程,使葡萄种质耐铝性预测更简便、快捷,筛选出耐铝性最强的基因型,可直接用于生产,也可作为耐铝育种亲本。此外,筛选出耐铝性最强和最弱的基因型,从基因表达差异入手,借助cDNA-AFLP技术获得耐铝相关的TDFs,经过基因表达特性分析,分离并克隆耐铝表达cDNA片段,并采用RACE技术获得耐铝效应基因的全长序列,为下一步运用基因工程获得耐铝葡萄新品种奠定基础,这对葡萄耐铝遗传改良具有重要意义。
铝是制约酸性土壤中作物生产的主要因素,葡萄为不耐铝植物,为降低铝毒对其危害,最直接有效的方法是选育耐铝品种,而开展耐铝性状筛选和耐铝性评价是耐铝育种的基础。为此,本项目以云南省25份不同来源的葡萄种质为材料,通过铝处理后测定相关的形态和生理指标,并采用主成分分析、隶属函数和聚类分析法进行耐铝性鉴定。结果建立了耐铝性评价的最优回归方程D=-0.377+0.241X4+0.163X8+ 0.145X10+0.168X13(F=300.702**,R2 =0.983),式中,D为耐铝性综合评价值,X4、X8、X10、X13分别代表地上部鲜重、丙二醛含量、过氧化氢含量、脯氨酸含量。并确定了25份参试种质资源耐铝性的强弱顺序为黑加仑、红地球、小叶葡萄、左优红、白牛奶、赤霞珠、巨玫瑰、夏黑、巨峰、水晶、玛丽欧、京秀、红比勒特、黑玫瑰、黑提、SO4、泰山-1、毛葡萄、通化-3、红玫瑰、超级无核、北醇、贝达、黑提无极、高山-2。获得了耐铝性强的黑加仑和红地球可直接用于生产,小叶葡萄可用作耐铝育种的亲本。此外,筛选出耐铝性最强和最弱的基因型,从基因表达差异入手,借助cDNA-AFLP技术获得耐铝相关的TDFs,经过基因表达特性分析,揭示了葡萄铝胁迫过程不同时期基因差异表达特性,探明了葡萄耐铝相关的特异表达的基因,并获得了与葡萄耐铝性相关的2个基因,即山葡萄VaSTOP1和小叶葡萄VsSTOP1,两基因序列长度分别为1782 bp和1800 bp,分别编码594和600个氨基酸;铝胁迫下,VaSTOP1基因表达量呈先上升后下降的规律,较早出现峰值,而VsSTOP1基因表达量则稳定上升。克隆获得的 ‘红地球’VvMATE基因和‘贝达’VrlMATE基因,二者序列全长均为1794 bp,均编码597个氨基酸;二者的MATE基因表达量在铝胁迫下均先上升后下降,其中耐铝性强的‘红地球’的表达量上升幅度均高于耐铝性弱的‘贝达’。为下一步运用基因工程获得耐铝葡萄新品种奠定基础,这对葡萄耐铝遗传改良具有重要意义。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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