典型有机磷酸酯类化合物与粘土矿物间的界面作用机制及尺寸效应研究

Organophosphate ester is an important group of flame retardant and plasticizer. It is easy to be released into the surrounding environment in the process of using, posing potential risks to the environment and human health. The pollution situation, migration and transformation, and risk assessment of organophosphate esters have gradually become the focus of researchers. At present, interface interaction study between organophosphate esters and environmental mediums is still in an initial stage. Clay minerals as one of main soil components are an important environmental medium. To address scientific questions in the interface interaction between organophosphate ester and clay minerals, typical organophosphate esters with different physicochemical properties, typical clay minerals with varied structure and multiple particle size ranges are chosen to conduct interface interaction mechanism study. Complementary techniques will be employed to qualitatively and quantitatively characterize the structure and morphology of clay minerals. Eventually, the microscope interface interaction mechanisms and the origins of size effect will be revealed. The outcome of this project will provide fundamental knowledge and novel technologies for better assessing the environmental fate of organophosphate esters and better understanding the interaction mechanisms of clay minerals and organics.

有机磷酸酯（organophosphate esters, OPEs）是一类重要的阻燃剂和塑化剂，在使用中极易释放到周围环境中，对环境和人体健康造成潜在危害。OPEs在环境中的污染现状、迁移转化以及风险评价已逐渐成为研究者们关注的焦点。目前，针对OPEs与环境介质之间的界面作用研究尚处于初始阶段。粘土矿物作为土壤的主要组分之一，是重要的环境介质。本项目拟通过具有不同物化性质的OPEs与具有不同结构特性、不同粒径的粘土矿物之间的界面作用研究，辅以相互补充的粘土结构微观结构表征、形貌分析手段，阐明OPEs与粘土矿物之间的界面作用微观机制及尺寸效应成因。该研究将为更加准确地预测OPEs的环境归趋以及更深入地理解粘土矿物与有机物之间的作用机制提供科学依据和新技术方法。

一是通过文献调研，总结了有机磷酸酯类阻燃剂（OPFRs）的毒性效应；二是通过文献和实验，开发了适用于水、土壤、大气、积尘等样品的OPFRs前处理方法和仪器分析方法；三是通过实际样品测定，检测了南京市农村和城市地区室内积尘、室外积尘、室外空气中OPFRs的浓度，分析了OPFRs的赋存特征和人群健康风险；四是研究了其他相关内容，包括骆马湖水体和沉积物中的OPFRs浓度和健康风险、车内空间的醛酮化合物分析等。