两亲性碳纳米管的可控自组装及其应用

Developing a new type of assembly unit to create a wide variety of self-assembly system has being been one of the key issues of self-assembly. Compared with the ordinary organic molecules and biological macromolecules, carbon nanotubes have unique tubular nanostructures and excellent physico-chemical properties, and their controllable self-assembly is one of the new and challenging topics at the self-assembly system. Controllable self-assembly of carbon nanotubes have important applications for developing micro-nano reactors and drug carriers. The primary objective of this project is to synthesize amphiphilic carbon nanotubes with hydrophilic and hydrophobic groups at both ends, respectively. This goal will be achieved by designing and choosing the ways and means of asymmetric functionalization based on aligned carbon nanotube films. The micro-phase separation of the aligned carbon nanotubes takes place in a selective solvent to form aggregates with different shapes and structures, such as micelles, reverse micelles and vesicles by controlling their self-assembly behavior. The impact factors of self-assembly of carbon nanotubes and its self-assembled process will be studied to reveal the diverse, multi-level collaborative mechanism and interaction regulation of the building blocks, to develop carbon nanotube-based micro-nano reactors and drug carriers by combining structural construction and functional assembly. The project will develop the amphiphilic carbon nanotubes as a new building block of self-assembly, to enrich the library of controllable self-assembly, which is important to controllably construct a new, multifunctional nanodevices and biological systems at a molecular level.

发展新型的组装基元，创造多种多样的自组装体系一直是自组装研究的重点之一。与普通的有机功能分子和生物大分子相比，碳纳米管具有独特的管状纳米结构和优异的物理化学性能，其可控自组装是自组装体系中新颖和极富挑战性的前沿课题之一，在研制微纳反应器、药物载体等领域具有重要的应用前景。本项目以碳纳米管阵列膜为基础，设计选择不对称功能化修饰的方法合成两亲性碳纳米管，并在选择性溶剂中发生微相分离，通过控制设计自组装的行为，获得胶束、反胶束、囊泡等不同形态的聚集体，研究影响碳纳米管自组装的因素和组装过程，揭示组装基元间多元多层次相互作用的协同机理及调控规律，将结构构筑与功能组装相结合，探讨其有序聚集体在制备纳米材料的微纳反应器和药物载体等领域的应用前景。本项目提出以两亲性碳纳米管作为一种新的组装基元，对丰富可控组装基元的类型库，构筑新型的、在分子水平可控的多功能纳米器件和生物体系具有十分重要的理论和实际价值。

发展新型的组装基元，创造多元的自组装体系一直是自组装研究的重点之一。与普通的有机小分子和生物大分子相比，碳纳米管具有独特的管状纳米结构和优异的物理化学性能，其可控自组装是自组装体系中新颖和极富挑战性的前沿课题之一，在研制微纳反应器、药物载体等领域具有重要的应用前景。本项目采用CVD方法，以酞菁铁为原料，以氩气和氢气为载气，通过控制各种生长参数，制备出尺寸均匀、具有不同长度和直径的碳纳米管阵列。以碳纳米管阵列膜为基础，通过氢氟酸剥离、PMMA涂覆等方法成功地实现了阵列膜的翻转和转移，设计选择多种不对称功能化修饰的方法，成功地获得了两亲性碳纳米管。这种两亲性组装基元能够稳定地存在于油水界面。本项目成功地实现了两亲性碳纳米管可控合成和自组装，掌握了影响碳纳米管阵列膜的生长因素和控制过程，揭示了组装基元间多元多层次相互作用的协同机理及调控规律，对丰富可控组装基元的类型库，构筑新型的、在分子水平可控的多功能纳米器件和生物体系具有十分重要的理论和实际价值。通过本项目资助，共发表研究论文28篇，其中高水平SCI论文24篇；主办1次国内学术会议，参加3次国际学术会议，4次国内大会邀请报告；申请专利6项，获授权发明专利1项；培养优青1人，湖北省楚天学子2人，省杰青1人，博士研究生3名，硕士研究生11名。