相对湿度对油润滑滚动轴承的磨损及其润滑膜厚影响机理研究

The influence of relative humidity on the life and service safety of oil-lubricated rolling bearings has become a research hotspot in the field of tribology. However, there is no consensus on the influence mechanism of relative humidity on wear and lubrication film thickness. The main reason is that there is no clear distinction of the water state in the oil, where the water comes from the absorption of the moisture from in the environment relative humidity. The influence mechanism of different states of water on the bearing lubrication system is not clear.. In previous studies, the applicant found that water of different states in the lubricating oil has different effects on the lubrication system. Therefore, the applicant intends to further study the mechanism of the influence of water in the lubricating oil, where the water is provided by the environment relative humidity, on the wear of the rolling bearing and the thickness of the lubricating film. To study the relationship between relative humidity, temperature and dissolved water, free water content in lubricating oil; To reveal the mechanism of the influence of dissolved water and free water and its mutual conversion due to temperature change on wear and lubrication film thickness; thus to establish a mathematical model to predict the development trend of rolling bearing wear and lubrication film thickness in water-rich environment, where the relative humidity, dissolved water and free water content are considered as important parameters.. The expected research output of this project is to provide a new method and approach for revealing the influence mechanism of relative humidity on the wear and lubricating film thickness of oil-lubricated rolling bearings, which has important scientific research value.

相对湿度对油润滑滚动轴承寿命及服役安全性的影响已成为摩擦学界的研究热点，然而在相对湿度对磨损及润滑膜厚的影响机制方面没有形成共识，主要原因在于没有对环境相对湿度中的水分进入润滑油后的存在状态做出明确区分，不同状态的水分对轴承润滑系统的影响机理尚未明确。. 申请者在前期研究中发现，润滑油中不同状态的水分对润滑系统有不同影响。因此，申请者拟进一步探索环境相对湿度中的水分进入润滑油后对滚动轴承磨损及润滑膜厚的影响机制。研究相对湿度和温度与润滑油中溶解水和自由水含量之间的关系，揭示溶解水和自由水以及其变温条件下的相互转换对磨损和润滑膜厚的影响机理，从而建立以相对湿度、溶解水和自由水含量为重要参数的数学模型，用以预测滚动轴承在富水环境下的磨损和润滑膜厚的发展趋势。. 预期成果有望为揭示相对湿度对滚动轴承的磨损及润滑膜厚影响机理提供一种新方法与途径，具有重要科学研究价值。

相对湿度对滚动轴承寿命及服役安全性的影响机制较为复杂，其对磨损及润滑膜厚的影响机理方面没有形成共识，不同状态的水分对轴承润滑系统的影响机理尚未明确。本项目在纯滑动以及滑滚条件下，针对润滑油在不同相对湿度条件下的理化性质以及摩擦学表现变化情况展开研究，主要内容包括：（1）研究了润滑油在不同相对湿度条件下对水的相对饱和浓度，得到了润滑油溶解水含量与相对湿度之间的关系；（2）将润滑油进行摩擦学测试前后的黏度与总酸值与摩擦磨损情况进行了关联分析，发现溶解水并未对润滑油黏度与总酸值产生过多影响，只有产生游离水之后才会产生明显变化；（3）将润滑膜中典型化合物含量的变化情况与相对湿度进行了有效关联，揭示了水分对润滑系统的摩擦化学方面的影响机制；（4）将此与润滑膜厚随相对湿度变化情况进行关联，揭示了水分影响油润滑系统润滑膜厚的途径。本项目为监控富水环境下摩擦副工况提供了途径，研究成果将为滚动轴承及润滑油的设计提供理论支持。