实时三维影像导航引导介入消融治疗肝肿瘤的方法研究

Image guided ablation therapy is an important method in the treatment of liver cancer, is the important basic subject and the leading edge research direction of the subject of tumor therapy and medical imaging. Currently the image guided system for ablation treatment exist lots of problems, such as three-dimensional structure is not clear, lack of three-dimensional information et al, which become the bottleneck to restrict the technology development. Aiming at these problems, this project plans to construct real-time three-dimensional image navigation system, using the real-time ultrasound image fusion to 3D reconstruction CT or MRI image, real-time tracking ablation operation equipment. So the space position of ablation needle could be more accurate and reasonable. This project will be conducted from the following aspects: 1, constructing the method of surface rendering as interactive automatic segmentation of regional growth surface and volume rendering of the transfer function model to display different tissue, making 3D image reconstruction be faster and more accurate; 2, application of electromagnetic positioning system and calibration template to establish the method of ultrasonic probe calibration and the ablation needle calibration, ultrasound image fusion to 3D reconstructed image; 3, solve the key problems influencing the accuracy of real-time three-dimensional navigation, including respiratory dynamic assessment, key technologies in image registration, navigation error evaluation. Through the above research, a new method of real-time 3D image guided ablation treatment of liver cancer could be established; prompting the image guided ablation therapy entered a new stage of development and the clinical application of the technology and popularity.

影像引导介入消融治疗是肝癌治疗的重要手段，是肿瘤治疗学和医学影像学交叉学科的前沿研究方向和重要基础课题。目前用于引导消融治疗的影像体系存在立体结构不明确、三维信息缺失等问题，成为限制该技术发展的瓶颈。针对这些问题，本项目拟构建实时三维影像导航体系，将实时超声图像融合至三维重建影像中，实时追踪显示消融手术器械，从而实现精准的、合理的空间布针消融治疗。本项目将从以下方面开展研究：1、构建基于区域增长的交互式自动分割面绘制方法和显示不同组织的体绘制转换函数模型，建立人机交互式三维影像重建方法；2、应用电磁定位系统和标定模板建立超声探头和消融针标定方法，进行超声图像与三维影像配准融合；3、解决影响实时三维导航精准性的关键问题，包括呼吸动态评估、图像配准关键技术、导航误差评估等。通过上述研究，建立实时三维影像导航消融治疗肝癌的新方法，使影像引导消融治疗肝癌步入新阶段，推动该技术的临床应用和普及。

影像引导介入消融治疗是肝癌治疗的重要手段，是肿瘤治疗学和医学影像学交叉学科的前沿研究方向和重要基础课题。目前用于引导消融治疗的影像体系存在立体结构不明确、三维信息缺失等问题，成为限制该技术发展的瓶颈。针对这些问题，本项目拟构建实时三维影像导航体系，将实时超声图像融合至CT/MRI的三维重建影像中，实时追踪显示消融手术器械，从而实现精准的、合理的空间布针消融治疗。本项目主要研究了以下内容：1、构建基于区域增长的交互式自动分割面绘制方法和显示不同组织的体绘制转换函数模型，建立人机交互式三维影像重建方法；2、应用电磁定位系统和标定模板建立超声探头和消融针标定方法，进行超声图像与三维影像配准融合；3、解决影响实时三维导航精准性的关键问题，包括呼吸动态评估、图像配准关键技术、导航误差评估等。本项目成功建立了一套新型的实时三维影像导航系统，能够快速对肝内肿瘤及肝内管道系统进行分割建模；本项目建立多种人体组织的体绘制转换函数；本项目建立应用“N”型线框模板对超声探头进行标定的研究方法；本项目证明了体内定标法比体表定标法配准融合精度更高；本项目实现了实时三维影像导航技术引导微波消融治疗肝癌，并取的了优于单纯应用二维超声引导微波消融的治疗效果。