梭曼高选择性二维光子晶体自组装技术研究

Most of the present photonic crystal hydrogels have three dimensional (3D) inverse opal structures. Unfortunately, the utility of these kinds of responsive hydrogels was limited due to their tedious process, low response, and slow mass transfer. To overcome these drawbacks, we plan to focus on two dimensional photonic crystal (2D-PC) with more simple structure. The aim of this research is to develop an eye-naked detection technique with high selectivity for the rapid detection of soman (GD) prototype based on the systematic research on the construction anf characterization of 2D-PC. For this purpose, the following techniques will be developed: GD molecular imprinting technique; monolayer colloid array self-assembly and responsive hydrogel embedding technique;and the response of 2D-PC to GD prototype. For the novelties of this research, microcalorimetry technology will be utilized for the quantitative measurement of the thermal effect of the interaction between the monomers and the template in order to screen the functional monomers and optimize the imprinting recipes;we will assemble the molecularly imprinted colloidal particles into monolayer array as a 2D-PC; in addition, a new and simple method to measure the lattice distance of 2D-PC will be demonstrated;finally, we will eye-naked sense GD agent prototype using the 2D-PC.

现有的生化传感用光子晶体凝胶多具有三维反蛋白石结构，制备方法复杂、传质慢、响应低；结构简单的二维光子晶体（two dimentional photonic crystal, 2D-PC）则有望克服以上缺陷。本课题拟通过在高选择性2D-PC的制备与评价方面的基础研究，为梭曼（GD）毒剂原型的快检提供一种高选择性的裸眼检测技术。主要研究内容包括：GD的分子印迹技术；单层胶体阵列的自组装及植入响应凝胶的技术；2D-PC对GD毒剂原型的响应等。本研究将在以下几个方面有所创新：在印迹过程中利用原位红外和微量热技术定量研究单体同模板间相互作用的热效应，进而对功能单体进行筛选和优化；利用分子印迹胶体小球直接组装成的单层胶体阵列作为2D-PC；建立一种简便快速的2D-PC晶格间距的测量技术；利用2D-PC实现对梭曼原型毒剂的裸眼检测。

针对传统3D光子晶体制备手段繁琐，传质慢，缺乏特异性等缺陷，为实现对神经毒剂进行快速、准确的筛查，本课题在神经毒剂敏感光子晶体制备及功能化方面开展了系统的研究，取得了以下方面的成果：1）研制了沙林敏感二维光子晶体膜，该材料制备简便，对沙林的检测限低至1.0×10-12 mg/L，对沙林战剂实现了结构色从红到蓝的连续谱响应功能，突破了痕量G类毒剂的裸眼检测的关键技术；2）神经毒剂传统酶试剂乙酰胆碱酯酶成本昂贵，易失活，本研究采用从鸭血中提纯的丁酰胆碱酯酶修饰三维光子晶体膜，光子晶体上酶活性提高50%、成本降低90%以上，使沙林敏感光子晶体的大规模生产成为可能；3）对一维全息光子晶体技术进行了初步探索，搭建了相关光学平台，为下一步开展全息光子晶体检测神经毒剂的研究奠定了基础；4）发表SCI论文14 篇；培养博士3名，硕士6名，建立了和国际同行的合作关系。