室内典型含卤半挥发性有机物的迁移转化机制研究

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) ，which are typical halogenated SVOCs, are two classes of persistent organic pollutants (POPs), which have negative effects on human health. In recent years, polybrominated diphenyl ethers as flame retardants in products such as electrical and electronic products are widely used.Since PBDEs can be easily released and their environmental concentrations are rising. To explore the migration and transformation mechanism of typical halogenated SVOCs, experimental analysis and theoretical research, quantitative calculation are used. Based on the monitoring of indoor environmental pollution, the pollution levels of typical halogenated SVOCs in indoor air are discussed and the human body healthy risk are evaluated. Secondly, the sources and settling characteristics, message of migration and transportation of typical halogenated SVOCs are obtained under different conditions. Through research on the atmospheric typical halogenated SVOCs, the discharge characteristics and model of typical halogenated SVOCs in indoor air can be assessed and the migration and transformation mechanism of typical halogenated SVOCs can be elucidated. This study can provide scientific basis for the indoor air pollution control and the protection of the human health.

典型含卤半挥发性有机物多溴二苯醚（PBDEs）和多氯联苯（PCBs）是两类持久性有机污染物（POPs）,对人体的健康有潜在的负面影响。近年来，以PBDEs为阻燃剂的电子产品使用非常广泛，由于PBDEs等在使用中易于释放，其环境浓度不断增加。针对室内典型含卤半挥发性有机物污染问题，本申请采用实验分析、量化计算与理论研究相结合的方法，围绕典型含卤半挥发性有机物的迁移转化过程开展研究。通过室内环境污染特征监测，系统揭示室内典型含卤半挥发性有机物的污染特征，定量评价室内人群的健康风险；通过不同条件下典型含卤半挥发性有机物的污染源、沉降特征解析，迁移转化过程的污染物信息提取和量化计算，阐明室内环境典型含卤半挥发性有机物释放特征与模式，揭示典型含卤半挥发性有机物室内迁移转化规律，为控制室内含卤有机污染，保障人体健康提供基础数据和理论基础。

室内环境质量与人体健康密切相关。室内空气中往往含多种有机污染物，以多溴联苯醚为代表的典型含卤半挥发性有机物对人体健康影响较大，是当前研究的热点与难点。.针对典型室内含卤半挥发性有机污染问题，本项目建立了室内环境下痕量含卤半挥发有机物的测试方法，分析了居民家庭及公共场所等室内环境下气态和颗粒态的典型含卤半挥发性有机物的浓度、组成，研究了室内不同功能区的含卤半挥发性有机物的污染特征，探讨了家电数量等影响因素对室内污染物浓度的影响；分析了室内空气降尘中含卤半挥发性有机物的含量及组成，获得了不同条件下典型含卤半挥发性有机物的污染源、组成及沉降特征；采用量子化学计算软件计算了污染物特性，获得三维立体结构及其能隙数据等分子结构信息；采用计算流体力学软件模拟了居民家庭和办公场所内的污染物扩散速度及浓度分布特征，揭示了典型含卤半挥发性有机物室内迁移转化规律，为控制室内含卤有机污染及保障人群健康提供了基础数据和理论基础。