用并存磁力计探测自旋相关的新相互作用

We propose to detect new spin dependent interactions using SERF(spin exchange relaxation free) co-magnetometers. After the discovery of the gravitational wave and Higgs particle, dark matter and dark energy become the most eminent problem for modern physics. Many experiments searching for dark-matter-dark-energy have been performed or proposed worldwide. These experiments usually cost a lot of money, a lot of manpower and a lot of time before obtaining useful results. Considering the theoretical possibility that dark matter might be the light boson particles meditating new spin dependent interactions, we are going to test it using the SERF co-magnetometer, which is the cutting edge technology. The proposed experiment uses desktop devices thus only costs very limited resources in comparison to the huge experiments. Further more, it can get useful results in a much shorter time due to its high efficiency in managing a very small group. Besides, the SERF co-magnetometer technique can be used for high precision magnetic field measurement and navigation without GPS, which might be used for military or civilian purposes. In summary, through searching for the new spin dependent interactions, the proposed project will be a useful complementation to various gigantic dar-matter-dark-energy searching experiments.

本项目拟使用无自旋弛豫的并存磁力计(Co-Magnetometer)探测自旋相关的新相互作用。在引力波、Higgs粒子被发现之后，暗物质和暗能量成为现代物理学里最耀眼的问题。无论国内国际，都正在进行或计划进行很多大型的暗物质和暗能量探测实验，这些实验通常需要投入大量的资金、人力和时间才会产生结果。本项目另辟蹊径，瞄准暗物质暗能量或许由传递自旋相关的新相互作用的轻波色子这一新的理论可能，利用并存磁力计这一先进的实验技术，对这种自旋极化的新相互作用或暗物质暗能量的可能性进行探测。本项目所采用的实验设备是小型的桌面即可放下的所谓桌面设备，与其它大型实验相比，投入的人力物力极少，而较快就能出结果。此外，项目所用的并存磁力计技术所相关的无自旋弛豫技术还可用于高精度磁场测量及无GPS导航，具有国防和民用价值。简而言之，通过对自旋极化的新相互作用的探测，本项目将成为各种大型实验的有益补充。

为研究并存磁力计，本项目搭建了一套基于Rb-3He自旋交换光学泵浦(SEOP)技术的极化3He系统。系统的光源为100W的大功率二极管阵列激光器，利用啁啾布拉格光栅技术将光谱的半高宽 窄化到了0.2nm； 利用Merritt构形线圈提供恒定磁场，中心区域的磁场梯度小于10^-4cm^-1，加热腔采用耐高温的工程塑料PEEK制成，利用LABVIEW实现了温度控制，精度可达0.1摄氏度。对一个气压为1.16bar的3He气室，实测最高得到72.7±0.4%的3He极化率。在新物理新相互作用探测方向，我们用理论分析的方法获得了对μ子和电子的自旋相关新相互作用的探测，该结果刚刚被European Physical Journal C接收；与清华大学、上海交通大学和北京航空航天大学合作使用SERF并存磁力计对若干种自旋-自旋速度相关的新相互作用做出了探测，相关结果发表在去年底的Physical Review Letters上。另外极化3He装置的研制，发表于今年的Science China Physics, Mechanics &Astronomy。