基于无线微扭矩传感的坝基浆液流变特性动态检测方法研究

Rheological property of cement grout is not only an important technological parameter of grouting.engineering, but also the core of cement formula design and premise of safety construction. High-precision dynamic detection for rheological properties of grouting slurry is essential for the grouting quality.This project aims to integrate the embedded systems, new sensor technologies and measurement technologies, so that to modify the detection method of the rheological properties of the grout, improve the instantaneity and veracity of the data and solve the problem caused by conventional rheological properties testing of the grout, such as large errors, more time-consuming experiments, the rheological characteristic curve without intuitive and so on. This project attempts to address the following three research challenges: 1) By studying the rheology theory of solid-liquid two-phase flow, the main factors influencing the rheological property of cement grout are analyzed, and through combining with the flow patterns of cement grout and time-varying behavior of rheological parameters, a measurement and analysis calculation method for rheological properties could be constructed; 2) According to Hooke's law, the shear stress detection mechanism would be deep studied, and the wireless signal transmission technology for zigbee protocol and the resistance-strain micro-torque measurement technology would be integrated to build an integral mathematical model for dynamical testing of rheological property of the grout; 3) The method of BP neural net in predicting rheological model of dam foundation grouting slurry was explored. In summary, this project aims to develop a dynamical accurate detection method of rheological property of the grout, which will provide necessary theoretical guidance for the grouting designer to properly design grouting parameters and grouting process.

灌浆工程中，浆液的流变特性是灌浆法施工的一个重要工艺参数,也是其配方设计的核心以及安全施工的重要保障。本项目旨在融合嵌入式系统、新型传感器技术与测控技术，对浆液流变特性的检测方法进行改进，提高数据的实时性和准确性，解决传统浆液流变特性检测读数误差大、试验耗时多、流变特性曲线不直观等问题。具体研究聚焦三个方面的内容:1）通过研究固液两相流流体的流变学理论，分析影响水泥浆液流变性的主要因素，结合水泥浆液的流型及流变参数的时变性规律，构建流变特性测量分析计算模型；2）根据剪切虎克定律，深入探讨剪切应力检测机理，融合电阻应变式微扭矩测量技术和zigbee协议的无线信号传输技术，搭建浆液流变性能动态检测整体数学模型；3）引入BP神经网络算法，编写分析计算程序，探索流变曲线的预测模型。本项目预期形成浆液流变特性的动态精确检测方法，为灌浆设计者合理设计水泥浆参数、灌浆参数及灌浆工艺提供必要的理论指导。

本课题为解决传统浆液流变特性检测中试验耗时多、读数误差大、流变特性曲线不直观、无浆液时变温度参数等问题，融合嵌入式系统、新型传感器技术与测控技术，对浆液流变特性的检测方法进行改进，提高数据的实时性和准确性。具体研究聚焦三个方面的内容：1）通过研究固液两相流流体的流变学理论，分析影响水泥浆液流变性的主要因素，结合水泥浆液的流型及流变参数的时变性规律，构建流变特性的测量分析计算方案；2）根据剪切虎克定律，深入探讨剪切应力检测机理，融合电阻应变式微扭矩测量技术和zigbee协议的无线信号传输技术，搭建浆液流变性能动态检测整体数学模型；3）引入BP神经网络算法，编写分析计算程序，探索流变曲线的预测模型。.本课题的主要结论是：.1、改变了传统的双筒旋转检测方法，分析了浆液的剪切速率、剪切应力与流变参数对应数学关系，建立了单筒旋转式结构作为检测模型。.2、建立了灌浆浆液剪切应力测量的数学模型，研制了一种基于电阻应变式的微扭矩测量技术和基于zigbee协议的无线信号传输技术共同组成的无线微扭矩传感器，实现了对内筒旋转动态微扭矩的精确测量。.3、设计了一种基于ARM系统和霍尔传感器结合的电机测速模块，通过对连续脉冲计数来实现步进电机的转速测量，以无极变速控制剪切速率及测速。.4、采用32位ARM芯片作为控制中心，搭接嵌入式操作系统μC/OS-Ⅱ，实现了浆液温度时变性测量及流变参数曲线和图表的完整呈现，通过USB接口与上位机通信，引入BP神经网络算法对浆液流变模型进行预测。.5、ARM平台、PWM细分驱动、无线微扭矩传感及单线数字温度测量等技术使检测系统能够在低转速下稳定运转，测量范围大，数据精度高，人工操作简便。.本课题经过两年的研究工作，完成了设计任务要求。已发表学术论文1篇，其中SCI检索1篇，授权实用新型专利3项，申请发明专利1项，培养博士后1人和研究生4人。