中国拟平腹蛛科分类及分子系统学研究

The members of Zodariidae are small to large-size and distribute globally, particularly in tropical and subtropical areas. They usually eat ants and termites. They are important preying spiders in biological prevention. Specimens of the spider family Zodariidae represented by 78 genera and 1074 known species. To date only 42 species out of nine genera have been reported from China. The level of Chinese study on the family is behind the world level. Many genus and species of the theoretical distribution in China have not been found and recorded. Early reports with simple descriptions and unclear drawings can't truly reflect the characteristics of diagnosis.As the rate of species discovery accelerates, there is a need to better study phylogenetic relationships of zodariid spiders. This project will further collecting specimens, made clear Chinese spider species and fauna composition of Zodariidae, sort out species resources catalog of our country. we expected to increase by about 40 species of Zodariidae, combine with morphology of internal and external, select more defined and stable evolutional characteristics. We use molecular biology techniques, based on a combination of molecular and morphological data to study the phylogenetic relationships of zodariid spiders. The results will revise the classification system of zodariid spiders in China.

拟平腹蛛体小到大型，全球性分布，在热带和亚热带地区尤为丰富，通常捕食蚂蚁、白蚁等，是一类可用于生物防治的重要捕食性蜘蛛。目前全世界已记载78属1074种，在蜘蛛目中位居第十三。我国对拟平腹蛛的研究远远落后于世界水平，物种调查不全面，目前仅记录9属42种，许多物种亟待研究和发现。我国早期的研究报道描述简单，附图不清，不能如实反映种类的鉴别特征；随着一些新属、种的确立，亟待加强对拟平腹蛛的系统发育研究。本项目将在大量采集标本的基础上，阐明中国拟平腹蛛的种类组成，整理出我国的物种资源目录，预计新增拟平腹蛛约40种；通过显微和亚显微结构观察，系统研究拟平腹蛛外部形态构造和生殖器官等重要特征，筛选出更多界定明确而稳定的具分类学价值的适应进化特征；结合分子技术手段，基于形态学性状和分子数据对我国拟平腹蛛的系统发育关系进行研究，修订中国拟平腹蛛的分类系统。

以我国蛛形纲蜘蛛目中的重要类群—拟平腹蛛科为研究对象，在全国11个省市区进行了广泛采集，共采集拟平腹蛛标本2000余号；并从3个科研单位借阅拟平腹蛛标本；在此基础上共发现拟平腹蛛1个新纪录属、41新种、9新纪录种、3新发现，使我国的拟平腹蛛达到近90种，较研究前提高50%；发表文章6篇（其中SCI 文章5篇）。在尽可能充分调查和鉴定中国拟平腹蛛科物种的基础上，选取线粒体基因COI片段，核基因18S rRNA和28S rRNA等片段，利用多种计算方法和软件分析了我国拟平腹蛛各属之间的系统发育关系，修订和建立符合或接近该类群进化历史的系统分类体系。