基于微观地理数据的区县重组的本地化效应研究

County administrative restructuring is not only one of the integrated parts of the evolution of China’s political geography, but also is closely related to China’s urbanization process. Lack of high-quality data, current studies care more about the macro effect of county administrative restructuring on local economy but they are unable to uncover the mechanism behind it. Using the micro-geographic data, our project attempts to test for the localization effect of county administrative restructuring, including the land price externalities, networking effect of neighbors on firm location choice, and agglomeration shadow effects. More importantly, our project theoretically considers the role of county administrative restructuring in internalizing intra-city agglomeration externalities. The findings in this project are expected to help enrich the understanding of the economic channels in which county administrative restructuring affects the spatial allocation of economic activities, thus providing the rational for China’s sustainable urbanization strategy.

区县重组是中国政区地理变迁的重要内容，更与城镇化进程密切相关。学者们关注区县重组由来已久，探讨了区县重组的模式、动因和其对地区经济发展的影响。但是现有研究大多利用跨地区证据来剖析区县重组的宏观经济效应，不能清晰解释区县重组影响本地经济的微观机制。本课题使用企业和土地等样本的微观地理信息，分析区县重组在有限地理范围内的本地化效应，包括土地价格溢出效应、企业区位选择的“邻里网络”效应、中心城市的“集聚阴影”效应等。在此基础上，本课题进一步讨论地方政府如何通过区县调整内化城市内部的集聚外部性的理论逻辑。本课题的研究有助于了解区县重组配置城市内部空间资源的经济学原理，从而为我国实施新型城镇化战略提供科学依据。

本课题利用GIS技术对微观数据进行了地理编码和整合，从宏观和微观分别分析了中国政区地理变动的本地化效应和产生机制。已经完成或者还在进行中的研究主要聚焦撤县设区和区县合并等区县重组政策带来的空间经济活动的空间演变，包括开发区产生的生产溢出、消费溢出、城市间竞争的资源错配、和主城市对周边区县的虹吸效应研究等。课题组已经出版论文4篇，投稿论文2篇，工作论文2篇，会议论文4篇，待出版著作1本，指导完成硕士论文4篇、指导正在进行中的硕士论文1篇，指导完成本科论文3篇和正在进程中的本科生论文1篇。现有研究有助于认识区县重组对地区影响的微观经济机制，并为评估城市规划的经济效果提供了很好的框架和数据基础。