空簧中置式悬浮架低动力作用机理研究

For the maglev vehicle, the coupled vibration of vehicle, levitation system and track beam is a common phenomenon, which can seriously affect the operation performance of the vehicle. The support mode between the levitation frame and car body has a great influence on the coupling dynamic interaction. In this project, the research object is the levitation frame with mid-set air spring. With the combination of theoretical analysis and test, the mechanism of the low dynamic interaction of the levitation frame is studied. The research content includes: levitation control algorithm analysis and test based on the levitation model of single electromagnet; dynamics modeling and simulation of a single-levitation-frame test bench; test on the single-levitation-frame test bench; dynamics modeling and simulation of a maglev vehicle at a speed of 160km/h and line test of the vehicle; analysis of the influence of structure parameters, suspension system, levitation control system and guideway characteristics of the levitation frame on the dynamic interaction between the levitation frame and the guideway; analysis of the mechanism of the dynamic interaction of the levitation frame. The research results can effectively enhance the dynamic adaptability of the maglev vehicle to the guideway, improve the performance of the medium and low speed maglev vehicle affected by the failure of levitation and the touch with the guideway, etc. due to the vehicle/guideway coupled vibration. In addition, the dynamic interaction between the vehicle and the guideway can be greatly reduced. Besides, the results can be the theory evidence and the test basis for optimizing the structure and the suspension parameters of the levitation frame, optimizing the levitation control strategy as well as reducing the construction cost so as to improve the theoretical system of the vehicle/guideway coupled vibration of the medium and low speed maglev vehicle.

磁浮车辆普遍具有“车辆-悬浮控制系统-轨道梁”耦合振动现象，严重时会影响到车辆的正常运行。悬浮架与车体间的承载方式，对这种耦合动力作用影响显著。本项目以空簧中置式悬浮架为研究对象，通过理论分析与试验相结合的方法，分析悬浮架低动力作用机理。研究内容包括：基于单电磁铁模型的悬浮控制算法分析和试验；单悬浮架试验台动力学建模及仿真；单悬浮架试验台试验；时速160公里磁浮试验车动力学建模及仿真、试验车线路试验；分析悬浮架结构参数、悬挂系统、悬浮控制系统与轨道梁特性对悬浮架与轨道梁动力作用影响，分析悬浮架低动力作用机理。研究成果能够有效提高车辆对线路的动态适应性、改善中低速磁浮列车由于车轨耦合振动而导致的悬浮失效、打轨等问题，同时也有效的降低了车轨之间的动态作用力。为中低速磁浮悬浮架结构和悬挂参数优化、悬浮控制策略优化与降低工程造价提供理论与试验依据，进一步完善中低速磁浮车辆车轨耦合振动理论。

中低速磁浮交通具有运行噪音低、转弯半径小、线路设计灵活、运行安全等突出优点，是一种颇有发展潜力的新型城市轨道交通制式。但其车辆-悬浮控制-轨道梁系统会产生复杂的耦合振动，影响中低速磁浮列车的运行稳定性和平稳性，特别是在轻型道岔梁上静悬或低速运行时，这种车轨耦合振动问题更为突出，极易导致中低速磁浮列车悬浮失效。.因此本课题针对磁浮车辆普遍具有“车辆-悬浮控制系统-轨道梁”耦合振动现象，以空簧中置式悬浮架为研究对象，建立单电磁铁悬浮控制模型，分析不同悬浮控制参数对系统动力学响应的影响；建立悬浮控制系统电路模型，分析悬浮系统纵向磁密分布及线圈接线方式。建立空簧中置式悬浮架的机电耦合动力学模型，对比分析中置式悬浮架和端置式悬浮架的动力作用，并利用单悬浮架试验台进一步研究不同车体质量、轨道梁质量、轨道梁刚度等因素对中置式悬浮架动态特性的影响，分析中置式悬浮架的低动力作用机理。建立采用中置式悬浮架的时速160公里磁浮试验车动力学模型，仿真分析悬浮系统、轨道梁特性等对采用中置式悬浮架的时速160公里磁浮试验车动力作用的影响，开展时速160公里磁浮车线路试验，研究空簧中置式悬浮架的低动力作用机理。对比分析中置式悬浮架和端置式悬浮架的结构特征，总结中置式悬浮架的低动力作用机理，并提出有效的降低车轨耦合振动的措施。.本项目研究通过理论分析、动力学仿真、台架试验和线路试验相结合的方法，完成了空簧中置式悬浮架低动力作用的机理性分析，为我国中低速磁浮列车车轨耦合振动等问题提供了理论依据，为时速160公里磁浮列车、时速200公里磁浮列车的研制提供了技术支持，填补了国内悬浮架技术的空白。项目发表论文27篇，其中SCI检索论文11篇、EI检索论文11篇。项目申请专利8项，其中发明专利6项，实用新型专利2项。项目培养博士生4名、硕士生7名。.