窄视场高精度星敏感器关键技术研究

Due to the advantages of star sensor, such as excellent autonomy, no cumulative error, high precision and etc, star sensor has played great role in the attitude determination and autonomous navigation of spacecraft, especially in deep space exploration.Based on technology specifications and the development trend of most star sensor, by optimizing optical structure and detector optimization of star sensor, and the key technical specifications of star sensor with narrow FOV, such as weight, length, power, direction accuracy, dynamic range, output frequency, the detailed design scheme of narrow FOV star sensor is given. Narrow FOV star sensor has the advantages of lighter weight, smaller volume, higher precision, lower power consumption, better dynamic range, higher output frequency. In this project generation, storage and real-time retrieval method of star characteristic map in full sky area, real time processing method of fuzzy matching and matching failure results, will be carried out. star sensor prototype, which has narrow FOV and high precision, will be developed. By the ground observation test, the related key technology, direction accuracy and other technology specification of star sensor will be tested.

由于星敏感器测向的自主性强、无误差积累、精度高等优点，其在航天器姿态确定和航天器自主导航中发挥了很大的作用，特别是在深空探测中，星敏感器的作用尤为重要。本项目在调研主流星敏感器技术指标及发展趋势的基础上，通过优选星敏感器的光学结构及探测器，给出窄视场星敏感器详细设计方案，使得窄视场星敏感器具有重量轻、体积小、精度高、功耗低、动态范围大、输出频率高等优点。开展窄视场星敏感器全天区恒星特征星图生成、存储及实时检索方法，恒星星图匹配中匹配模糊和匹配失败结果的实时处理方法等关键技术的研究，完成窄视场高精度测向星敏感器试验样机的研制。通过地面验证观测实验，验证窄视场测向星敏感器的相关关键技术, 验证测向精度等技术指标。

由于星敏感器测向的自主性强、无误差积累、精度高等优点，其在航天器姿态确定和航天器自主导航中发挥了很大的作用，特别是在深空探测中，星敏感器的作用尤为重要。本项目在调研主流星敏感器技术指标及发展趋势的基础上，通过优选星敏感器的光学结构及探测器，给出窄视场星敏感器详细设计方案，使得窄视场星敏感器具有重量轻、体积小、精度高、功耗低、动态范围大、输出频率高等优点。基于上述研究目标，本项目开展了窄视场星敏感器全天区恒星特征星图生成、存储及实时检索方法，恒星星图匹配中匹配模糊和匹配失败结果的实时处理方法等关键技术的研究，获得了窄视场高精度测向星敏感器样机关键参数，完成了试验样机的研制，并通过地面观测实验验证了窄视场测向星敏感器的测向精度等技术指标。