风沙环境下兰新高铁接触网附加导线舞动放电特性及防治技术研究

The Lanzhou-Xinjiang high-speed railway crosses over the longest wind region in the world, which is the major sources of sandstorm in China. The strong wind and dust affect the safe operation of the Lanzhou-Xinjiang high-speed railway catenary seriously. It is of great significance to study the characteristics of galloping and discharge and the prevention and control technology of the additional wires on the Lanzhou-Xinjiang high-speed rail catenary in wind-sand environment. This project intends to establish the overall model of the Lanzhou-Xinjiang high-speed railway catenary, combined the flow-solid bidirectional coupled numerical calculation method and considered the wake effect of the wind-shield wall to analyze the Joint Galloping Characteristics of Additional Wires in Lanzhou-Xinjiang High-Speed Rail Catenary under strong winds. Combined with the finite element method of electric field, the distribution of the electric field during the galloping of the additional wires is analyzed. Under the consideration of the effect of dust environment on the electric field distortion, the impact of air insulation strength by sand dust is analyzed. Combined with the arc blowing effect of strong wind, the characteristics of galloping discharge of catenary additional wires in wind-sand environment are further studied. Aiming at the shortcomings of the existing anti-galloping measures of the catenary additional wires and the imperfect theoretical support and combining with the objectives of anti-galloping and insulation, the prevention and control technology of galloping discharge of the catenary additional wires in wind-sand environment is formed. Through the research, it can provide important technical support and theoretical guidance for the safe operation of Lanzhou-Xinjiang high-speed railway under wind-sand environment.

兰新高速铁路穿越世界上最长的大风区，途经我国沙尘暴重要的沙源地，大风和沙尘严重影响兰新高铁接触网的安全运行，研究风沙环境下兰新高铁接触网附加导线舞动放电特性及防治技术具有重要意义。本课题拟建立兰新高铁接触网整体模型，结合流-固双向耦合数值计算方法，考虑挡风墙的尾流效应，分析强风环境下兰新高铁接触网附加导线联合舞动特性。结合电场有限元计算法，分析附加导线舞动过程中电场的分布规律。考虑沙尘环境对于电场的畸变作用，分析沙尘对空气绝缘强度的影响程度。结合强风的吹弧作用，深入研究风沙环境下接触网附加导线舞动放电特性。针对现有接触网附加导线防舞措施的不足及理论支撑尚不完善的情况，结合防舞与绝缘两方面目标，形成风沙环境下接触网附加导线舞动放电防治技术。通过课题研究，可对风沙环境下兰新高速铁路的安全运行提供重要的技术支撑和理论指导。

兰新高速铁路穿越我国西北四大风区，受风沙影响兰新高铁接触网附加导线舞动及放电经常发生。鉴于此，2019年1月至2022年12月，团队协同开展了风沙环境下兰新高铁接触网附加导线舞动放电特性及防治技术研究。通过项目研究，掌握了风沙环境下兰新高铁接触网附加导线舞动特性，揭示了挡风墙、风沙环境、导线表面粗糙度、连续跨距导线等影响下附加导线气动及舞动特性的变化规律，探明了风沙环境下兰新高铁接触网附加导线电场及电晕放电特性。搭建了基于WSN技术接触网附加导线舞动在线监测系统，提出了接触网附加导线舞动定位算法。完成了基于机器视觉技术的接触网附加导线舞动在线监测系统设计，提出了基于RBCT算法的复杂背景下导线自动提取方法。根据附加导线舞动与铁路接触网结构特点，开发了斜拉绝缘子、新型三角防舞器、低风压导线、开孔式挡风墙等防舞装置及技术方案，并验证了防舞装置的有效性。项目采用了技术调研、理论推导、仿真分析与试验测试相结合的方法，且在全面完成项目研究目标之外的拓展性研究还在继续深入中。项目主要研究成果可为风沙环境下兰新高铁接触网附加导线舞动放电的防治提供重要的理论支撑和工程借鉴。