ZnxCd1-xSySe1-y四元合金一维纳米结构的制备、性能和宽光谱可调光探测器

In recent years, one-dimensional (1D) alloy nanostructures have become research focus because of their tunable optoelectronic properties. However, there are still many problems about controllable fabrication of multi-alloy (quaternary) nanomaterials, study of their physical properties, as well as the fabrication of tunable wide-spectrum responsive photodetectors. This project intends to develop several efficient and controllable fabrication approaches of ZnCdSSe quaternary alloy 1D nanostructure and nanoarray, precisely control the full composition and bandgap of alloy nanostructures, and master experimental parameters affecting the morphology，size, crystallinity and phase. The light absorption spectra, photoluminescence spectra and electrical transport properties of quaternary alloy nanostructures are measured to clarify key physical parameters, such as defect types and distribution, charge carrier type, concentration and mobility. ZnCdSSe quaternary alloy 1D nanostructures based photodetectors are fabricated. It is expected that tunable wide-spectrum responsive (from ultraviolet to visible light) photodetectors with fast response speed and large on-off ratio will be obtained by optimizing morphology, mircostructures and properties of materials, and device configuration. This project has great significance for the research for multi-alloy 1D semiconductor nanostructures, and provides the theoretical and experimental basis for their future practical applications in optoelectronic devices.

近年来，一维合金纳米结构由于其具有可调谐的光电性质成为了研究的焦点。但是对于多元合金尤其是四元合金纳米材料的可控合成、物性研究以及宽光谱可调的光探测器构筑等仍面临着许多问题。本项目拟开发几种高效的方法可控合成ZnCdSSe四元合金一维纳米结构及阵列，精确调控合金纳米结构的全组分和能带隙，获得可控形貌、尺寸、结晶性和物相的实验参数。通过研究四元合金纳米结构的光吸收，光致发光和电输运性质，阐明缺陷类型与分布、载流子的类型、浓度和迁移率等关键物理参数。构筑基于ZnCdSSe四元合金一维纳米结构的光探测器，通过优化材料的形貌、微结构和物理性能，以及器件构型，获得从紫外光到可见光的宽光谱可调、快速响应和大开关电流比的高效光探器件。本项目对多元合金一维半导体纳米结构的研究具有重要意义，为未来多元合金材料在光电器件中的实际应用提供了理论和实验依据。

光电探测器是一类能够将光信号转换成电信号的光电器件，在很多领域都有着广泛的应用。本项目围绕着一维纳米结构的可控合成，宽光谱自驱动型探测器设计与性能研究，通过结合气相沉积法，静电纺丝法和湿化学方法制备了硒、氧化锌和硅的一维纳米/微米结构，获得了可控形貌、尺寸、结晶性和物相的实验参数。并研究了所制备的一维纳米结构的光吸收、光致发光等性质。将合成的一维纳米结构与无机半导体、有机半导体以及有机-无机杂化钙钛矿材料相结合，成功构筑了宽光谱响应的自驱动型光探测器。着重研究材料物性和器件结构等对光谱响应范围的影响规律，以及器件在无外加偏压下的光电性质。从形貌、光吸收、能带结构等方面揭示了异质结光探测器的光导机制，并阐明了以上条件对光探测器性能的影响规律。同时，成功开发了自驱动集成光探测系统和柔性光探测器，开拓了探测器的应用范围。本项目对于一维半导体纳米结构的研究具有重要意义，为开发高性能的光电探测器提供了理论和实验依据。