低碳背景下微电网供需互动的多级多目标协调优化方法研究

A multi-level and multi-objective coordination optimization of supply-demand interaction is presented for microgrid considering price-base demand response and incentive-based demand response, so as to achieve the minimum electricity cost, the minimum carbon emission, the maximum penetration rate of wind power and PV power, the maximum customer satisfaction and so on. The research will focus on: (i) A multi-objective optimization method is studied for the supply-demand coordination between load demand and renewable energy power of wind turbine and solar PV, based on multi-type price-base demand response. (ii) Multiple operation control modes and dynamic coordination strategy are both researched for microgrid considering multi-type demand response resources. (iii) A multi-objective optimization dispatch method is studied for the supply-demand interaction of microgrid based on multi-type incentive-based demand response. (iv) A multi-level and multi-objective coordination optimization system is studied for the supply- demand interaction of microgrid, integrating the multi-objective optimization of supply-demand coordination between load demand and renewable energy power, the multiple operation control modes and dynamic coordination strategy, multi-objective optimization dispatch of the supply-demand interaction into a whole set. It is of important theoretical significance and application value for the smart microgrid research and development in China, as well as solving the difficult problem of higher penetration for intermittent renewable energy integration consumption.

本项目提出一种综合考虑价格型需求响应和激励型需求响应的微电网供需互动多级多目标协调优化方法，实现系统电力成本最小、碳排放量最少、风光可再生能源发电渗透率最大和用户满意度最高等微电网优化运行目标。项目主要开展：①研究一种基于多类价格型需求响应的风光可再生能源发电与负荷需求之间供需协调多目标优化方法。②研究一种考虑多类需求响应资源的微电网多运行控制模式与动态协调策略。③研究一种基于多类激励型需求响应的微电网供需互动多目标优化调度方法。④研究建立一种集“风电-光伏-负荷供需协调多目标优化、微电网多运行控制模式与动态协调策略、微电网供需互动多目标优化调度”于一体的微电网供需互动多级多目标协调优化系统。研究成果对我国智能微电网技术研究开发以及解决高渗透率风光可再生能源并网消纳难题都有重要的理论意义和应用价值。

微电网技术和供需互动技术是当今国内外发展新能源发电和智能电网的两大关键核心技术和热点研究方向。本项目研究分析了微电网供需互动协调优化技术的非线性、多变量、多指标、多模态等多维复杂特性，综合运用了多学科理论建模与实验仿真验证相结合的方法，研究建立了微电网供需互动多级多目标协调优化方法。（1）研究建立了计及资源可调度性、响应时间尺度和能量流向性三种维度的微电网供需资源拓扑等成果方案；（2）研究建模了包含分时电价和尖峰电价的价格型需求响应模型、包含直接负荷控制和可中断负荷的激励型需求响应模型、基于模糊理论的微电网源荷协同优化调度方法等，获得了不同应用场景下系统运行成本日均降低9.66%-16.06%；（3）研究运用了分层理论和离散数学等理论方法，提出了微电网多模式调度策略模型、基于策略驱动的双通道调度优化算法等研究成果，实现了调度求解效率提升11.65秒和系统运行成本日均减少8.19元；（4）研究构建了考虑混合需求响应技术的微电网源荷协同优化调度架构、多模态调度策略与多目标优化模型等理论方法。本项目研究成果对我国微电网和新能源电力系统的进一步经济智能化研究开发提供了一定的理论依据和方法指导，具有较好的理论科学意义和实践应用价值。