Insulin resistance (IR) is a critical component in the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and the common cause for other metabolic diseases. Vitamin D deficiency has been implicated in increased IR and is one of the hallmarks of T2DM. Our previous studies have showed that the vitamin D supplementation was able to reduce IR, and high levels of vitamin D may strengthen exercise effect on IR in general adults. However, the causal relationship between endurance training, vitamin D supplementation and IR in T2DM (T2DM-IR) was unclear. In this project, we proposed two studies to attempt to figure out the joint effect of vitamin D supplementation and endurance training on IR. Firstly, we will perform a randomized, placebo-controlled trial to make clear the independent and combined effects of vitamin D supplementation and endurance exercise on IR, measured by oral glucose tolerance test, in newly diagnosed T2DM. And then, we will investigate protein expression related with glucose uptake in skeletal muscle tissue to elucidate the mechanism of the joint effect on IR in mice. The results of this project will not only provide new evidences that vitamin D supplementation plays an important role in reducing T2DM-IR, but also develop a simple and efficient method to improve IR and associated other metabolic diseases.
胰岛素抵抗(IR)是导致2型糖尿病(T2DM)发生和发展的重要因素。维生素D缺乏往往会促进IR的发生和恶化,并且在T2DM人群中非常普遍。申请者前期研究发现,在健康人群中维生素D摄取可以有效降低IR,并且可能具有提高运动对IR抑制作用的潜在能力。但是在维生素D缺乏T2DM人群中目前尚无深入研究对此进行阐明。因此,我们将以维生素D缺乏T2DM人群(新发且处于一级药物治疗)为研究对象,通过临床干预试验确定维生素D摄取是否可以独立改善维生素D缺乏T2DM人群的IR(T2DM-IR);是否与运动干预在改善T2DM-IR方面存在协同作用。然后通过对小鼠骨骼肌葡萄糖摄取利用相关蛋白的测定,明确维生素D联合有氧运动干预改善IR的作用机制。本研究将为目前对T2DM传统的生活方式干预基础上增加维生素D摄取的重要性提供科学依据,进而为以IR为主的慢性代谢性疾病提供一个高效简单的预防和控制糖代谢紊乱的方案。
针对维生素D摄取与运动在2型糖尿病(T2DM)防控中的因果关系及其可能作用机制未名的重要科学问题,本项目通过双因子人体干预试验和动物实验探讨了运动训练与维生素D摄取干预对T2DM糖代谢改善的因果关系。获得的主要结果有:(1)在T2DM患者中进行维生素D和运动干预实验发现对照组(CG)干预前后在口服葡萄糖耐量试验5个时间点的血糖和胰岛素水平相似,而维生素D联合运动组(VEG)、维生素D组(VG)和运动组(EG)干预后血糖水平均低于干预前,胰岛素水平高于干预前,虽然差异不具有统计学意义。对胰岛素分泌指数(IGI)有显著的交互作用(P=0.03),对葡萄糖处置指数(GDI)有边缘显著交互作用(P=0.05)。在非维生素D补充人群中发现运动可以升高IGI [EG vs.CG:0.09 (-0.00, 0.19) vs.-0.02 (-0.12, 0.06),P=0.09]和GDI [EG vs.CG:0.25(-0.14, 0.64) vs.-0.16(-0.43, 0.10),P=0.08],但差异无统计学意义。在非运动组水平下,维生素D补充可以升高GDI水平 [VG vs.CG,0.28(-0.19, 0.74) vs.-0.16(-0.43, 0.10),P=0.08]。 (2)与CG相比, VG和VEG的肌肉和肝脏维生素D受体(VDR)水平干预后均有升高,具有显著性差异(P<0.05);与EG相比,VEG的肌肉和肝脏VDR水平显著升高(P<0.05)。与CG相比,三个干预组肌肉和肝脏组织中的葡萄糖转运蛋白4(Glut-4)蛋白均呈显著性升高(P<0.05);同VG相比,VEG肌肉组织中的Glut-4蛋白显著升高(P<0.01)。相比CG,三个干预组肝脏组织PI3K和AKT蛋白均呈显著性升高(P<0.05)。以上结果表明,维生素D摄入,运动训练和联合干预对T2DM患者血糖控制有潜在的积极作用,有可能与调节PI3K/Akt/Glut4信号通路的表达相关。另外,维生素D联合运动干预相对于维生素D或者运动单独干预对血糖改善协同作用可能与升高VDR或Glut-4作用相关。本研究的结果将为以胰岛素抵抗为主的慢性病患者的健康预期寿命和生活质提高提供科学实证证据。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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