GNSS多频观测数据高精度定位关键问题研究

The algorithm of high-precision positioning from GPS/BDS/GLONASS/Galileo multi-frequency observation data is researched in this project. The parameter estimation method of high-precision positioning from multi-system and multi-frequency observations is researched, and the problem of the optimal parameter estimation for the same frequency integer ambiguity, the mixing frequency integer ambiguity and observation error from multi-system is settled emphatically. The method of integer ambiguity resolution using undifferenced and uncombined multi-system and multi-frequency observations is researched, the rapidly calculating intra-system multi-frequency ambiguities for multi-system is realized. The fast estimation method of the pseudo-range and phase ISB/IFB from multi-system between overlapping and non-overlapping frequencies is established, the method of integer ambiguity resolution using multi-system observations between overlapping and non-overlapping frequencies is researched, and the problems of integer ambiguity resolution between overlapping frequencies and non-overlapping frequencies and fast calculation of ISB/IFB delay deviation are realized. The unified data processing method for multi-system and multi-frequency observations is researched. The high-precision positioning from multi-system and multi-frequency observation data in good and complicated special observation area can be realized in this project, the interoperability and interchangeable capabilities between BDS with other satellite navigation systems is promoted, which both have important scientific significances and research values.

本项目研究GPS/BDS/GLONASS/Galileo多频观测数据高精度定位算法。研究多系统多频率高精度定位的参数估计方法，重点突破多系统同频/混频整周模糊度以及观测误差的最优参数估计问题；研究多系统多频非差非组合整周模糊度解算方法，实现多系统内部多频整周模糊度的快速解算；建立多系统重叠频率/非重叠频率间伪距和相位ISB/IFB快速估计方法及顾及ISB/IFB影响的多系统多频整周模糊度解算方法，解决多系统同频/混频整周模糊度解算和ISB/IFB时延偏差快速计算问题；研究可混合处理多系统多频观测数据的统一数据处理方法。项目研究的算法能够利用多系统多频观测数据实现在良好观测区域和复杂特殊观测区域条件下的高精度定位，对提升BDS与其它卫星导航系统间的互操作与可互换能力，具有重要的科学意义和研究价值。

本项目深入研究了GNSS多频观测数据高精度定位理论与方法，重点解决了GNSS重叠/非重叠频率高精度定位的参数快速估计、多系统内部多频整周模糊度解算、多系统重叠/非重叠频率ISB/IFB快速估计、顾及ISB/IFB影响的多系统重叠/非重叠频率整周模糊度解算等关键技术，最终研制了一套GNSS多频观测数据高精度定位软件，满足了GNSS多频观测数据高精度定位在良好观测区域和复杂特殊观测区域的实际应用需求，验证了GNSS多频观测数据高精度定位算法的正确性和合理性。项目研究成果为提升BDS与其它GNSS的互操作与可互换能力奠定了基础，具有重要的研究价值和应用前景。.以本项目研究成果为基础，项目组团队发表学术论文9篇（其中EI检索4篇），出版学术专著1部，申请/授权国家发明专利2项，其中1项实现成果技术转移，获批软件著作权10项，培养相关方向研究生20名，满足任务书中的指标要求。